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Polymers 2017, 9, 626 Polymers 2017, 9, 626 12 of 15 12 of 15 700 600 500 400 300 200 100 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 2 θ (dgree) GT 0 two obvious broad peaks GT 28 4. Conclusions 4. Conclusions Figure 13. XRD pattern of pure PMMA (GT0) and PMMA doped sample (GT28). Figure 13. XRD pattern of pure PMMA (GT0) and PMMA doped sample (GT28). In this work, FTIR spectroscopy was used to investigate the miscibility of green tea (GT) dye and In this work, FTIR spectroscopy was used to investigate the miscibility of green tea (GT) dye and PMMA polymer. In the FTIR spectra of GT extract, obvious absorption bands −a1t 3401 cm−1, PMMA polymer. In the FTIR spectra of GT extract, obvious absorption bands at 3401 cm , 1628 cm −1 , 1628 cm−1, an−d1 1029 cm−1, corresponding to O–H/N–H, C=O, and C–O groups were observed, and 1029 cm , corresponding to O–H/N–H, C=O, and C–O groups were observed, respectively. respectively. The FTIR bands shifting and intensity reduction in the doped PMMA sample confirm The FTIR bands shifting and intensity reduction in the doped PMMA sample confirm the complex the complex formation of the host PMMA polymer with the GT dye. The results of this study were formation of the host PMMA polymer with the GT dye. The results of this study were promising promising and revealed the possibility of modification of the insulating wide band gap PMMA and revealed the possibility of modification of the insulating wide band gap PMMA polymer to a polymer to a conjugated small band gap PMMA by addition of extracted GT solution, which is an conjugated small band gap PMMA by addition of extracted GT solution, which is an environmentally environmentally friendly material. The absorption edge was found to be 4.9 eV for the pure PMMA friendly material. The absorption edge was found to be 4.9 eV for the pure PMMA and shifted to and shifted to 2.61 eV for the dye-doped PMMA (GT 28) sample. This reveals that the wide band gap 2.61 eV for the dye-doped PMMA (GT 28) sample. This reveals that the wide band gap of PMMA was of PMMA was reduced to a narrow energy band gap. Such a noticeable decrease in the optical band reduced to a narrow energy band gap. Such a noticeable decrease in the optical band gap of PMMA gap of PMMA upon the addition of extracted GT solution makes it possible to consider this work as upon the addition of extracted GT solution makes it possible to consider this work as a base to modify a base to modify other polar polymers to meet our needs. Modified polar polymers with a small band other polar polymers to meet our needs. Modified polar polymers with a small band gap and good gap and good film formation are crucial for solving the problems, such as lifetime, cost, and flexibility film formation are crucial for solving the problems, such as lifetime, cost, and flexibility associated associated with conjugated polymers. The Urbach energy was found to increase from 187 meV for with conjugated polymers. The Urbach energy was found to increase from 187 meV for pure PMMA pure PMMA to 298 meV for the dye-doped PMMA (GT 28) sample. This increase was attributed to to 298 meV for the dye-doped PMMA (GT 28) sample. This increase was attributed to the dominant of the dominant of amorphous phase in the dye-doped PMMA samples as supported by XRD results. amorphous phase in the dye-doped PMMA samples as supported by XRD results. Acknowledgments: The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support for this study from Ministry Acknowledgments: The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support for this study from Ministry of Higher Education and Scientifific Research-Kurdistan Regional Government, Department of Physics, College of Science, University of Sulaimani, Sulaimani, and Development Center for Research and Training College of Science, University of Sulaimani, Sulaimani, and Development Center for Research and Training (DCRT)—University of Human Development. (DCRT)—University of Human Development. Author Contributions: Shujahadeen B. Aziz analyzed the data and wrote the paper. Omed Gh. Abdullah Author Contributions: Shujahadeen B. Aziz analyzed the data and wrote the paper. Omed Gh. Abdullah performed the experiments. Ahang M. Hussein, and Hameed M. Ahmed conceived and designed the experiments performed the experiments. Ahang M. Hussein, and Hameed M. Ahmed conceived and designed the and both of them edited the manuscript. experiments and both of them edited the manuscript. Conflicts of Interest: The authors declare no conflict of interest. Conflicts of Interest: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. References References 1. Gaur, S.S.; Ghawana, K.; Tripathi, K.N. Fabrication and characterization of dye-doped polymeric mode filter. 1. Gaur, S.S.; Ghawana, K.; Tripathi, K.N. Fabrication and characterization of dye-doped polymeric mode Opt. Quantum Electron. 2005, 37, 805–812. [CrossRef] 2. Cfilhtearn.dOrpath.aQliuma,nHtu.m;FEalnec,tXro.nR.e2c0o0n5fi,3g7u,r8a0b5le–8s1o2l,id-osit:a1t0e.1d0y0e7-/ds1o1p0e8d2-p0o0l5y-m56e8r9-r9in.gresonatorlasers.Sci.Rep. 2. 2C0h1a5n,d5,ra1h83a1li0m.,[CHr.o;sFsaRne,f]X[.PRuebcMonedfi]gurablesolid-statedye-dopedpolymerringresonatorlasers.Sci.Rep. 2015, 5, 18310, doi:10.1038/srep18310. 3. Ishchenko, A.A. Photonics and molecular design of dye-doped polymers for modern light-sensitive materials. Pure Appl. Chem. 2008, 80, 1525–1538, doi: 10.1351/pac200880071525. Intensity (a.u)PDF Image | Green Chemistry Fabricate Small Band Gap Polymers
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