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Green Diesel: Biomass Feedstocks, Production Technologies

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Green Diesel: Biomass Feedstocks, Production Technologies ( green-diesel-biomass-feedstocks-production-technologies )

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Energies 2019, 12, 809 18 of 41 poor engine and burner fuel it is a valuable intermediate for the production of biofuels and pyrolysis Energies 2019, 12, x FOR PEER REVIEW 19 of 42 optimization for high bio-oil yield is important [169]. deposition inside the engine cylinders, poor atomization during injection and increased engine Depending on the heating rate of the biomass feedstock three pyrolysis processes are wear. Although bio-oil is a poor engine and burner fuel it is a valuable intermediate for the distinguished: a) slow pyrolysis, b) fast pyrolysis and c) flash pyrolysis. Slow pyrolysis takes place in production of biofuels and pyrolysis optimization for high bio-oil yield is important [169]. batch reactors at 550–950 ◦C heating biomass particle sizes of 5–50mm with a heating rate of about ◦ Depending on the heating rate of the biomass feedstock three pyrolysis processes are 0.1–1 C/s for periods of 5–30min. It typically produces biochar, uncondensed gases and bio-oil in distinguished: a) slow pyrolysis, b) fast pyrolysis and c) flash pyrolysis. Slow pyrolysis takes place in the approximate proportions of 35, 35 and 30 wt%, respectively [170]. Fast pyrolysis takes place in batch reactors at 550–950 °C heating biomass particle sizes of 5–50mm with a heating rate of about continuous flow reactors by rapidly heating dry biomass particles (<1 mm) with a heating rate of 0.1–1 °C/s for periods of 5–30min. It typically produces biochar, uncondensed gases and bio-oil in about 10–200 ◦C/s up to about 850–1250 ◦C within 0.5–10s and typically yields biochar, syngas and the approximate proportions of 35, 35 and 30 wt%, respectively [170]. Fast pyrolysis takes place in bio-ociol natinthueoupsrfolopworrtieoanctsorosfb1y5–ra2p5i,d1ly0–h2e0ataingdd6r0y–b7i5omwat%ss,praerstpicelecsti(v

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