Nanotechnology of Positive Electrodes for Li-Ion Batteries

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Nanotechnology of Positive Electrodes for Li-Ion Batteries ( nanotechnology-positive-electrodes-li-ion-batteries )

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Inorganics 2017, 5, 25 17 of 17 33. Xing, L.; Cui, C.; Ma, C.; Xue, X. Facile synthesis of α-MnO2/graphene nanocomposites and their high performance as lithium-ion battery anode. Mater. Lett. 2011, 65, 2104–2106. [CrossRef] 34. Li, B.; Rong, G.; Xie, Y.; Huang, L.; Feng, C. Low-temperature synthesis of α-MnO2 hollow urchins and their application in rechargeable Li+ batteries. Inorg. Chem. 2006, 45, 6404–6410. [CrossRef] [PubMed] 35. Li, L.; Nan, C.; Lu, J.; Peng, Q.; Li, Y. α-MnO2 nanotubes: High surface area and enhanced lithium battery properties. Chem. Commun. 2012, 48, 6945–6947. [CrossRef] [PubMed] 36. Cheng, F.Y.; Zhao, J.Z.; Song, W.; Li, C.; Ma, H.; Chen, J.; Shen, P. Facile controlled synthesis of MnO2 nanostructures of novel shapes and their applications in batteries. Inorg. Chem. 2006, 45, 2038–2044. [CrossRef] [PubMed] 37. Kijima, N.; Takahashi, Y.; Akimoto, J.; Awaka, J. Lithium ion insertion and extraction reactions with hollandite-type manganese dioxide free from any stabilizing cations in its tunnel cavity. J. Solid State Chem. 2005, 178, 2741–2750. [CrossRef] 38. Yang, Y.; Xiao, L.; Zhao, Y.; Wang, F. Hydrothermal synthesis and electrochemical characterization of α-MnO2 nanorods as cathode material for lithium batteries. Int. J. Electrochem. Sci. 2008, 3, 67–74. 39. Hill, L.I.; Verbaere, A.; Guyomard, D. MnO2 (α-, β-, γ-) compounds prepared by hydrothermal- electrochemical synthesis: Characterization, morphology, and lithium insertion behavior. J. Power Sources 2003, 119–121, 226–231. [CrossRef] 40. Wang, C.; Hong, J. Ionic/electronic conducting characteristics of LiFePO4 cathode materials. The determining factors for high rate performance. Electrochem. Solid-State Lett. 2007, 10, A65–A69. [CrossRef] 41. Zaghib, K.; Mauger, A.; Gendron, F.; Julien, C.M. Surface effects on the physical and electrochemical properties of thin LiFePO4 particles. Chem. Mater. 2008, 20, 462–469. [CrossRef] 42. Mauger, A.; Zaghib, K.; Groult, H.; Julien, C.M. Surface and bulk properties of LiFePO4: The magnetic analysis. ECS Trans. 2013, 50, 115–123. [CrossRef] 43. Aurbach, D.; Gamolsky, K.; Markovsky, B.; Salitra, G.; Gofer, Y.; Heider, U.; Oesten, R.; Schmidt, M. The study of surface phenomena related to electrochemical lithium intercalation into LixMOy host materials (M = Ni, Mn). J. Electrochem. Soc. 2000, 147, 1322–1331. [CrossRef] 44. Hashem, A.M.A.; Abdel-Ghany, A.E.; Eid, A.E.; Trottier, J.; Zaghib, K.; Mauger, A.; Julien, C.M. Study of the surface modification of LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2 cathode material for lithium ion battery. J. Power Sources 2011, 196, 8632–8637. [CrossRef] 45. Amalraj, S.F.; Sharon, D.; Talianker, M.; Julien, C.M.; Burlaka, L.; Lavi, R.; Zhecheva, E.; Markovsky, B.; Zinigrad, E.; Kovacheva, D.; et al. Study of the nanosized Li2MnO3: Electrochemical behavior, structure, magnetic properties, and vibrational modes. Electrochim. Acta 2013, 97, 259–270. [CrossRef] 46. Kalyani, P.; Chitra, S.; Mohan, T.; Gopukumar, S. Lithium metal rechargeable cells using Li2MnO3 as the positive electrode. J. Power Sources 1999, 80, 103–106. [CrossRef] © 2017 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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