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Putting CO2 to Use: Creating Value from Emissions Technical analysis Who is currently investing in CO2 use, and why? Figure 14. The increasing interest in CO2 conversion technologies is reflected in the growing amount of private and public funding that has been channelled to companies in this field. Over the last decade, global private funding for CO2 use start-ups has reached nearly USD 1 billion, primarily in the form of venture capital and growth equity (Cleantech Group, 2018). Investment in CO2 use applications within corporate R&D departments and other partnerships is harder to quantify. In addition to private investment, governments have allocated resources to deployment or have pledged to do so in the future. For example, the UK government plans to deliver a GBP 20 million Carbon Capture and Utilisation (CCU) Demonstration Programme by 2021 to fund design and construction of CCU demonstration plants in the United Kingdom (BEIS, 2018). Even with these developments, total public and private spending on CO2 use applications is small compared to investments in other clean technologies, such as electric vehicles and batteries. Most projects in operation today involve public-private partnerships and are located in Europe and North America. Even though most of the private investment in technology start-ups comes from traditional venture capital firms, corporate funding makes up a large share of the total sum (Figure 14). This indicates that companies that are looking to reduce their emissions see opportunities in CO2 conversion technologies. For example, oil and gas firms have invested in various CO2 use companies operating on a small scale, including those making products for sectors other than the oil and gas industry, such as concrete and cement. Other large corporate investors are chemical companies and utilities. Overall, the large share of corporate investment indicates strategic interest from companies facing long-term technology challenges. Breakdown of global investment in CO2 use start-ups by type of investor, 2008-18 Chemicals 10% Oil & gas 17% Utilities 5% Notes: In the absence of detailed information, values are split equally between investors when there is more than one investor in the deal. Only deals with known transaction values are included. Source: Cleantech Group (2018), i3 Database; IEA (2018b), World Energy Investment 2018. Most private funding in CO2 use start-ups stems from traditional venture capital firms, followed by corporate funding. Non-corporate investors 68% PAGE | 25 IEA. All rights reserved.PDF Image | Putting CO2 to Use Creating value from emissions
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