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Legislation drives change Government legislation on emissions has created challenges for those who need to comply, opening new markets and opportunities for alternative fuels, including renewable methanol. Europe’s first biofuel policy was introduced in 2003, setting blending targets for 2010. This policy was integrated in the Renewable Energy Directive (RED) in 2009, which set an obligation of 10% renewable energy in transport for 2020. In 2018 the European Parliament, Council and Commission agreed on the Renewable Energy Directive II (RED II), requiring 14% renewable energy to be used in transport by 2030. RED II has created new markets for conventional biofuels like ethanol and biodiesel and for alternative biofuels such as renewable methanol, especially when made from wastes, residues or renewable electricity (Renewable Energy Directive II, Annex IX Part A). Other European policies also impact the potential uptake of renewable methanol: the Fuel Quality Directive, the Alternative Fuel Infrastructure Directive, and the Air Quality Directive, among others. The USA introduced the first biofuel policy in the form of the Energy Policy Act in 1992. Its objective was reducing dependence on oil imports, increasing energy security and improving sustainability. In 2007, the United States introduced the Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS), requiring a minimum volume of biofuels to be used in the national transportation fuel supply each year. The total renewable fuel requirement is divided into four separate - but nested – categories. These are: total renewable fuels, advanced biofuels, biomass-based diesel, and cellulosic ethanol. Each has its own volume requirement. To qualify for the advanced biofuels category, a fuel must reduce lifecycle greenhouse gas emissions by 50%. To qualify for the cellulosic and agricultural waste-based biofuel subcategory, fuels must reduce lifecycle greenhouse gas emissions by at least 60%. 1 Methanolfuels.org Renewable Methanol Report WHY CONSIDER RENEWABLE METHANOL? Growing recognition of the threat posed by man-made climate change has spurred government institutions, industry and science to find clean fuels to power economic activity. In this context, renewable methanol has risen as a clean alternative to fossil fuels, offering a clear pathway to drastically cutting emissions in power generation, overland transportation, shipping and industry. Compared to fossil fuels, renewable methanol reduces carbon emissions by 65 to 95% depending on the feedstock and conversion process. That’s one of the highest potential reductions of any fuel currently being developed to displace gasoline, diesel, coal and methane.1 Additionally, the combustion of pure methanol produces no sulfur oxides (SO ), x low nitrogen oxides (NOx), and no particulate matter emissions. www.methanol.org 7 Compared to fossil fuels, renewable methanol reduces carbon emissions by 65 to 95 % depending on the feedstock and conversion process.PDF Image | Renewable Methanol Report
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