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Membranes 2014, 4 291 stages and decomposition temperature is considered at the end of the first stage (540 °C). Regarding the CS-based membranes prepared in this work, the pristine CS membrane has almost the same decomposition temperature as the precursor chitosan powder (560 °C), which is increased to more than 620 °C upon introduction of ETS-10 inorganic particles, even at the low loading of 5 wt % used in this work. This agrees with the decomposition peak of the second stage that is observed at 564, 579, 593, and 604 °C for the CS, IL/CS, ETS-10/CS, and ETS-10/IL/CS membranes, respectively, but not observed for the CS powder. Figure 2. TGA curves of the CS and CS-hybrid membranes. TGA of CS powder, ETS-10 crystalline particles and IL are also included for comparison. DTG curves are presented in the inset. 100 80 60 40 20 0 IL ETS-10/IL/CS membrane ETS-10/CS membrane ETS-10 ETS-10/CS Weight [wt.%] IL/CS membrane CS membrane IL CS powder CS powder CS membrane 400 500 IL/CS 600 700 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 Temperature [°C] 100 200 700 0 300 Temperature [°C] The shifting of the degradation temperature of the CS membranes upon addition of IL and ETS-10 is an indication of enhanced thermal stability, which may be of the potential of these novel membrane materials for higher temperature CO2 separation. Figure 3 shows the DSC plot of the CS-based membranes prepared in this work, which is the usually reported technique to provide information regarding change from rubbery to glassy state in a polymer material, and this is the method for estimating the crystallinity of semi-crystalline polymers. In Figure 3, only ETS-10/CS MMM allows discerning a glass transition temperature around 196 °C, which agrees with previous observations [18], because the glass transition of CS is generally reported difficult to discern by DSC because of the huge hydrophilicity [17].PDF Image | Synthesis and Characterisation of ETS-10 Acetate-based Ionic
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