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Membranes 2014, 4 293 band in the range 3600–2700 cm−1, attributed to NH and OH vibrations, whereas the broad band at around 2940 cm−1 in CS is shifted to lower wave numbers due to film formation. In the second region, bands attributed to amide I (1633 cm−1), amide II (1537 cm−1) and amide III (1315 cm−1) in CS [34], decreased in intensity, and are mixed up with the microporous titanosilicate ETS-10 and 1-ethyl-3- methyl-imdazolium acetate IL own bands upon hybridisation. This confirms the good interaction existing among the components involved on MMM preparation, and that may account for the higher flexibility of the hybrid membrane materials imparted to both CS and ETS-10/CS MMMs, as explained above regarding mechanical properties of the membranes in Table 2. Figure 4. FT-IR measurements of CS-based membranes. The crystallinity, χ, of the CS-based membrane samples was calculated from the FTIR spectra, using the ratio of the absorbance at 1423 and 890 cm−1, respectively. The values are collected in the last column of Table 3, together with other morphological properties of the membranes. The crystallinity increased monotonously upon addition of IL, ETS-10 and both to the CS polymer matrix, as reported for other MMMs prepared from semi crystalline polymers [35], which attribute this phenomenon to the role of inorganic fillers as nucleating agents. The crystallinity is important in membrane analysis since the amorphous part of the polymer is the main contributor to the gas transport. Table 3. Morphological properties of CS-based membranes: Theoretical density (ρadd), measured density (ρm), void volume fraction (φv) and true dispersed filler volume fraction. Membrane materials CS IL/CS ETS-10/CS ETS-10/IL/CS ρadd (g/cm3) 0.942 0.941 1.014 1.442 ρm (g/cm3) 0.727 ± 0.26 1.108 ± 0.48 0.637 ± 0.14 0.714 ± 0.14 φv (vol/vol) 0.228 −0.165 0.372 0.505 φd (vol/vol) χ (-) 0.520 0.14 0.032 0.18 0.028 0.28 0.304 0.34 The theoretical density (ρadd) of the membrane was calculated using the additive model, as follows,PDF Image | Synthesis and Characterisation of ETS-10 Acetate-based Ionic
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