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Compact-ducted system: A variation of the ductless system, with recessed heads that utilize short runs of air ducts to serve two to four separate rooms (sometimes called a “ducted mini-split”) Things to consider with compact-ducted: • A single compact-ducted system can provide both heating and cooling in several smaller rooms at higher efficiencies, and lower operating costs, than a multi-zone system with a ductless head in each room. Typical installation costs are similar. • Make sure ducts are completely sealed and carefully insulated, especially if they are installed in an attic, garage, or a vented crawlspace. Have the installer or a third party do a duct leakage test. • Some compact-ducted systems don’t have a lot of fan power available to move the air. The installer has to pay careful attention to selecting the right air handling unit, and to proper design of the duct system. • For many houses, a combination of one or more zones each of ducted and ductless is a great setup. A ductless unit for the living/kitchen/dining area, and a compact-ducted for the bedrooms, is common. A basement family room or addition that really needs to be a separate zone may require its own ductless unit. Multi-zone: Usually installed as a whole-home solution or to cover the majority of a home, a multi-zone system consists of multiple ductless and/or ducted indoor units in different areas of a house, all connected to a single outdoor unit. Things to consider with multi-zone: • Although multi-zone is a convenient method to manage comfort in separate rooms, it is also easy to over-size multi-zone systems. Over-sizing can cause significant operating problems including high operating cost and over-heating of smaller rooms. It is far better to use a separate, single-zone system for the main living space, at least. It’s also best to combine bedrooms or other small rooms with one to two compact-ducted systems, or to use separate single-zone ductless heads in each room. Ask your installer to be strategic by minimizing the total number of zones served by any multi-zone unit, while maximizing the number of single- zone systems in the house. • Single zone systems and multi-zone systems are comparable in cost per zone • Some installers will propose an oversized multi-zone outdoor unit for “future expansion,” leaving space for an additional indoor head to be installed later. Try to avoid this; it will hurt the operating efficiency even more, costing extra for heating and cooling right from the start. Plan for any expansion by adding another single-zone system. • Some homes have very limited options for outdoor unit placement, for practical and/or aesthetic reasons; that may tip the scales towards a single multi-zone system. (Source: Broadley’s Energy Solutions, 2019) 17PDF Image | Air Source Heat Pump Buying Guide
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