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CHAPTER 2: LITERA TURE STUDY 17 Table 2.2: Physical Properties of Carbon Dioxide. (Freund, s.a.). Mokcular~ Critical temper"atu:r~ Crltiea1 pressnre Crifimll density Tripl~pointtemp=e Triple pomt pressure Boiling (sublim:,tion) pomt (1.013 bar) . Gas Pltasa Gas density (1.QIS bar at boiling point) Gas d<\nsity (@ S'IP) Specific volume (@ S'IP) Cp{@SIP) Cv(@ S'IP) CpIC\' (@ SIP) Viscosity (@ STP) Thennal conductivity (@ STP) Solubility in water (@ STP) Enil:!:Upy (@ S m Entropy(@ STP) EntrlJf'Y offo=tion LiquidPI",s" vapour p r = e (at 20 ·6 LiqWd density (at ·20 ·c and 19.7 bar) V=sity(@ S'IP) Solid Phase . Density of carbon dio;ilile SlIDW at freezing point \Ilhi:re STP stand$ for Standa:rd To:tttpe£aUlfe and Pressure. wbleh is O'C and 1.013 bar. S o = s : Air liquiile !l"5 data :table; EJrk.othmer (1985); NIST (2003). 31.1"C 73.91= 467kgm" -56.5 "C 5.18 bar -13.5 ·C 2.814 kgm" 1.976kgm·' 0.506 m:' kg" 0.0364:kJ (mol" K:') 0.027& kJ (mot' K") l.50& 13.72 J1N.s Ill'! (or;.tPa.s) 14.65 mW (m K:') 1.716 vol vol·t 21.34kJ mo1"' 117.2 J Illol K:' 213.& J mol K" 58.5 bar Figure 2.4 shows the phase diagram for CO2 and how its properties and its physical state changes by varying the pressure and temperature. Heat absorption or release takes place in each of its phase changes from solid-gas, solid-liquid and liquid-gas phases. However, if it changes phase from the transcritical condition to liquid or from transcritical to gas it does not require the release of heat. This is a useful design property for CO2 compression facilities since it could avoid the heat handled associated with the liquid gas phase change (Freund, s.a). It could be seen that a low triple point is present, which means that the solid state could be reached under normal operating or pump down situations. This should be avoided since the forming of ice reduces the pressure and when the refrigerant returns back to a liquid or gas state the pressure will increase drastically and create a safety hazard. A Techno-Economical Analysis ofa CO2 Heat Pump. School ofMechanical Engineering, North-West UniversityPDF Image | CO2 HEAT PUMP Analysis
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