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Figure 14. Redline Demarcating Power Input (kW) 3 vs 4 Operable HPWH storage tanks with 150°F water, and the electric boilers are set to maintain recirculation loop temperatures (not the super-heated water provided by the HPWHs). Backup System The electric resistance water heating equipment provided backup for temperature maintenance handled by the “swing tank” and assisted in the event of reduced HPWH function. Over the course of monitoring the ERWH were needed for both these tasks, as can be seen in Figure 14. Overall, however, the boilers only contributed approximately three percent of the total heat4 to the water. 4 Calculation based on the first half of monitoring, as the electric boilers were compromised and not fully functional by the end of the monitoring period. In this project, where the electric boilers were already present, it worked well to use as a backup system. At future projects, the need for full backup could be avoided by installing additional, redundant stages of heat pumps and a larger “swing tank.” Installing additional, redundant stages of heat pumps and a larger “swing tank” will minimize the need for ERWH back up. BONNEVILLE POWER ADMINISTRATION 18PDF Image | CO2 Heat Pump Water Heater Multifamily Retrofit
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CO2 Organic Rankine Cycle Experimenter Platform The supercritical CO2 phase change system is both a heat pump and organic rankine cycle which can be used for those purposes and as a supercritical extractor for advanced subcritical and supercritical extraction technology. Uses include producing nanoparticles, precious metal CO2 extraction, lithium battery recycling, and other applications... More Info
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