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HPWH Performance Report water draw patterns and air temperature, the water draw patterns appear to be a better predictor of performance in the Sanden units while temperature is the better predictor in the Rheem units. Figure 7: COP vs. Daily Water Draw (Litres/Day) The primary reason high water draw increases performance is that the useful hot water delivered increases, and the nearly constant standby losses have less of an impact on COP. As shown in the equation below, COP is calculated as the ratio of useful work to required input. As heater work increases on high flow days, the fixed standby losses are a smaller proportion of total work delivered, causing the HPWH System COP to approach that of the heat pump COP. Additionally, for the Sanden units higher water draws result in colder return water to the outside unit increasing the effectiveness of the vapor compression cycle and thus, COP. πΆππ = ππ πππ’π ππππ = π·ππππ£ππππ π»ππ‘ πππ‘ππ = π»πππ‘ππ ππππ β ππ‘πππππ¦ πΏππ π ππ 18 π πππ’ππππ πΌπππ’π‘ πΈππππ‘πππππ πΌπππ’π‘ π‘π π»πππ‘ πππ‘ππ πΈππππ‘πππππ πΌπππ’π‘ π‘π π»πππ‘ πππ‘ππ 18 Electrical Input = Heat Pump (compressor) Power + Heat Trace Power (Freeze Protection) for all Sanden units. See Section 4 for details on the impact of heat trace on the Sanden unit performance. 4PDF Image | CO2 Integrated Heat Pump Water Heater
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CO2 Organic Rankine Cycle Experimenter Platform The supercritical CO2 phase change system is both a heat pump and organic rankine cycle which can be used for those purposes and as a supercritical extractor for advanced subcritical and supercritical extraction technology. Uses include producing nanoparticles, precious metal CO2 extraction, lithium battery recycling, and other applications... More Info
Heat Pumps CO2 ORC Heat Pump System Platform More Info
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