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The critical point occurs at 31°C, which is below typical system condensing temperatures for part or all of the year, depending on the climate. Above the critical point the refrigerant is a transcritical fluid. There is no phase change when heat is removed from a transcritical fluid while it is above the critical pressure and temperature. In a refrigeration system transcritical R744 will not condense until the pressure has dropped below the ciritical pressure. No other commonly used refrigerant has such a low critical temperature so they always condense as heat is removed on the high side of the system. The critical point is the condition at which the liquid and gas densities are the same. Above this point distinct liquid and gas phases do not exist. The triple point is the condition at which solid, liquid and gas co-exist. The glossary has a full explanation of the terms used in this section. The boundaries of the transcritical fluid region are: • The critical temperature (31°C) to the sub-cooled liquid region • The critical pressure (72.8 bar g) to the superheated gas region Table 2 on page 6 compares the basic properties of R744 with different refrigerants which are commonly used in the retail sector transcritical fluid 10 000 solid 1 000 100 triple point (-57°C / 4.2 bar g) 1 Figure 3. R744 / CO2 phase diagram liquid -70 -40 -10 -20 -50 T (°C) -80 110 critical point (31°C / 72.8 bar g) gas 5 p (bar abs)PDF Image | CO2 Product Guide 2021
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