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A significant challenge with the application of CO2 as a refrigerant is the higher operating pressures compared to other commercial refrigerants. The chart in figure 5 compares the pressure of R744 with R404A and R134a. The saturation curve for R744 does not extend beyond 31°C because this is the critical point - above this condition there is no distinction between liquid and gas. Operation above this pressure is current practice in transcritical systems. Section 3. An introduction to transcritical operation Many R744 systems operate above the critical point some or all of the time. This is not a problem, the system just works differently. • R744 systems work subcritical when the condensing temperature is below 31°C • R744 systems work supercritical when the “gas cooler exit temperature” is above 31°C and the evaporating temperature is below 31°C Figure 5. Pressure-temperature relationship comparison Figure 6. R744 pressure enthalpy chart showing subcritical and transcritical system 7PDF Image | CO2 Product Guide 2021
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CO2 Organic Rankine Cycle Experimenter Platform The supercritical CO2 phase change system is both a heat pump and organic rankine cycle which can be used for those purposes and as a supercritical extractor for advanced subcritical and supercritical extraction technology. Uses include producing nanoparticles, precious metal CO2 extraction, lithium battery recycling, and other applications... More Info
Heat Pumps CO2 ORC Heat Pump System Platform More Info
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