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The installation of a split heat pump system requires trained professionals. Installation quality is paramount because of the field-connected refrigerant piping and the risk of refrigerant leakage, which can quickly eliminate any environmental benefit of electrification. Split heat pumps require refrigerant piping to be field-connected at multiple junctions between the outdoor and indoor units. RETROFIT PROJECT 6: HOT AIR FURNACE SPLIT HEAT PUMPS SERVING SINGLE APARTMENTS WITH DUCTING Cost Complexity Technology and/or Market $8-$12/SF Low – simple replacement to outdoor and indoor units; can be done at turnover No major issues – Hardware is a direct transfer from the mature single-family home market. Major Considerations Quality control is critical to the success of this retrofit. Unlike other heat pump retrofits, system design and installation quality are optional add-ons but can determine the success of the retrofit. What: Description of the Technology A central air system that has ductwork with fan coils (in a central air handler unit) can upgrade the fan coils and outdoor condenser unit to a ccASHP that provides heating and cooling. Ductwork is reused, and the fuel-fired furnace is decommissioned and removed. A residential-scale (up to ~4-ton capacity) heat pump can be installed outside each apartment with relatively short piping runs to the air handler, providing heating and cooling for 1-5 rooms. Domestic hot water production needs to be decoupled when using this retrofit strategy. Figure 13. Single-apartment heat pump ducted components. Boxed component is outdoors, exemplified in the image on the right. Image source: https://www.trane.com/content/dam/Trane/residential/downloads/brochure/ductless/72-1287-05_HR.pdf (left) https://www.swinter.com/party-walls/air-source-heat-pumps-cold-climates-part-iii-outdoor-units/ (right) Where: Use Today and Retrofit Applications Ducted split heat pumps are nearly the same hardware and layout as ducted split air conditioners seen across the country as a central air conditioning solution. In the past few years, many manufacturers have developed cold-climate air source heat pumps (ccASHPs), which are tuned to provide sufficient heating capacity in colder climates such as the northeast U.S. The same hardware used for residential applications can be used in multifamily applications, though there are few retrofits of multifamily buildings that have implemented this strategy. Steven Winter Associates,Inc. 33PDF Image | HEAT PUMP RETROFIT STRATEGIES FOR MULTIFAMILY BUILDINGS
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