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Buildings 2020+. EnErgy sourcEs 5.7. Evaporator The task of the evaporator is to withdraw heat energy from the heat source by a heat medium. Heat transmission can only take place if there is a temperature difference between the heat medium and the refrigerant. Temperature difference of around 10°C is enough to guarantee heat transmission. The liquid freon enters the evaporator after throttling. The liquid evaporates completely as it passes through the evaporator. During this process, the freon absorbs heat energy from the heat medium. Depending on the heat source, the heat medium evaporator can be: air-cooled, liquid-cooled and flooded. Air-cooled evaporators finned tube coil-pipe systems are used as evaporators with the freon flowing through the tubes. The purpose of the fins is to increase the evaporator surface area on the air side. In air-cooled evaporators, the heat transmission on the freon side is higher than on the air side. Liquid evaporators combine good heat transmission with a compact design. At low outputs, plate and coaxial heat exchangers are used. The refrigerant can either be evaporated in the tubes or flooded in the lateral surface. Flooded evaporator operates in connection with a receiver. The receiver acts as a separator of gaseous and liquid refrigerant behind the expansion valve and provides 100% of the liquid refrigerant flow to the evaporator. Direct expansion evaporator and the refrigerant are not fully evaporated and superheated at the flooded evaporator outlet. The leaving refrigerant flow is a two-phase mixture containing typically 50- 80% of gas (Hadorn, 2015). 5.8. Other components Filter-dryer – Moisture (water) in the system may freeze the refrigerant control valves. This may clog or partially jam the control. Humidity in some refrigerants at high compressor temperatures can cause decay of the refrigerant to form harmful acids. It may lead to corrosion, or oil mudding, which could result in a motor failure. Refrigerants must be stored in a sealed container and kept dry. A filter-dryer is a device used to prevent refrigerant contamination in heating and refrigeration cycle systems. The filter can restrict the free flow of refrigerant into the expansion valve. It effectively prevents the impurities from flowing rearwards when 164PDF Image | Heat Pumps 978-83-65596-73-4
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