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Buildings 2020+. EnErgy sourcEs • low pour point - the ability of the oil to remain in the liquid state at the lowest system temperature; • low viscosity - the ability of the oil to maintain good lubricating properties at high temperatures, as well as good low temperature viscosity always provides a good lubricating film. Oil separators are very effective. Very little oil goes into the system. They are usually used in large commercial facilities. Integration of an oil separator is particularly important in systems with a flooded evaporator, as the oil precipitates at the base of the evaporator. Other positive result of the oil separator is that it can compensate pressure pulses in pressure lines. A liquid line, commonly copper tubing, is used to carry the liquid refrigerant from the condenser to the evaporator. The lines are soldered or brazed to fittings. It is important to avoid pinching or buckling of these lines. They should be regularly maintained to prevent wear or breaking due to vibration (Hadorn, 2015). 5.9. Refrigerant The refrigerant is responsible for transferring energy in the heat pump system. In theory, any material could be used as the refrigerant, if it can be condensed at technically possible pressures and evaporated at low temperatures. There is no ideal refrigerant for every application. Which refrigerant is used in a system depends on its purpose. The choice of refrigerant is primarily influenced by its physical, chemical and physiological properties. Scientists have found that the release of some refrigerant chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) may damage the ozone layer. Most refrigerants used today are classified in four areas: • chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), • hidrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs), • hidrofluorocarbons (HFCs). • Refrigerant blend (azeotropic and zeotropic). The refrigerant is identified by number (Table 5.1). The number goes under the letter R which means the refrigerant. The refrigerant cylinder is often colour coded to make it easier to identify the type of refrigerant in it. 166PDF Image | Heat Pumps 978-83-65596-73-4
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