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Heat Pumps for Heating and Cooling CHAPTER -1 1. OVERVIEW OF HEAT PUMPS Heat ALWAYS travels from high temperature to lower temperature. A heat pump is a device that pumps heat from a lower temperature to a higher temperature. This is opposite to the natural flow of heat, but this applies for all refrigeration machines. However, the label ‘heat pump’ has evolved to define those refrigeration machines which can be configured to provide both cooling and heating, commonly referred to as “Reverse cycle”. 1.1. Heat Pump Vs Air Conditioner Simply put, both devices are the same except a heat pump can provide cooling in summer, as well as heating in winter using reversing cycle; whereas an air conditioner can only cool. The air conditioners actually remove heat and moisture from the indoor space and transfer it to the air outdoors. This air enters the unit at 80°F and 50% relative humidity and after passing through the indoor coil, it leaves the unit at a temperature of 55°F and a relative humidity of 100%. The heat that has been transferred from this air is carried by a refrigerant (for example R134a) to the outdoor, or condenser coil. The moisture is condensed on the air conditioner evaporator’s coil and is drained outside. Obviously, outdoor ambient temperatures can be quite high during the periods when your space requires air conditioning. The refrigerant must transfer the heat it removed from the air in the indoor space to the outdoor air, but the outdoor air can be at a temperature of 95o F or more. Because we need to transfer this heat to air that is 95°F, the temperature of the refrigerant we are removing the heat from, must be substantially higher than the outdoor ambient temperature. The system is designed to blow outdoor air over tubes containing refrigerant at a temperature that is approximately 25°F warmer than the ambient air, so that the heat within the refrigerant can be transferred to the outdoor air. The air conditioner is intended for removing heat from area of low temperature (for e.g. your room), and transferring it, or “pumping it” to an area of higher temperature (the air outside). The energy is required in pumping (compressor) because we are forcing heat to be transferred in a direction that is opposite to the way heat will flow naturally. 3PDF Image | Heat Pumps for Heating and Cooling
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CO2 Organic Rankine Cycle Experimenter Platform The supercritical CO2 phase change system is both a heat pump and organic rankine cycle which can be used for those purposes and as a supercritical extractor for advanced subcritical and supercritical extraction technology. Uses include producing nanoparticles, precious metal CO2 extraction, lithium battery recycling, and other applications... More Info
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