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Heat Pumps for Heating and Cooling 3.7. Ground Loop Arrangements (series or parallel) Vertical and horizontal loops can be arranged in series, in parallel or a combination of both. The figure below shows both series and parallel installations. • A series flow only has one path for the fluid to flow along. A benefit is that it is easier to remove air that is trapped in the plastic pipe. • In parallel systems, the fluid can take two or more paths through the circuit. A benefit of parallel is that a small diameter pipe can be used due to lower pressure drops and save money on installation. Parallel arrangements use a reverse return rather than direct return to the building so that all parallel flow paths are of equal length, helping to ensure a balanced flow distribution. Parallel loops are most common with series loops typically only being suitable for small applications. The type of arrangement will influence the pipe diameter, pump power requirements and installation cost. Advantages and disadvantages of series and parallel arrangements are summarized below. 38PDF Image | Heat Pumps for Heating and Cooling
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