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Heat Pump Modeling – Additional Discussion Operating Costs section Heat pump manufacturers claim that their equipment will save on heating and cooling utility costs. Recent research studies by respected California experts have found $50 per year in utility cost savings for heat pumps compared to traditional gas furnace split systems, all the way up to $300 per year. But California’s HVAC contractors and homebuilders have a long history with gas heating and are skeptical of claims that heat pumps can save on utility costs. We wanted to find out the truth in an objective way, so we set up a study of our own. We used an energy model of a typical 2-story 2,700 square foot home in Climate Zone 10, which includes Corona and Riverside, where there is a lot of building currently and both heating and cooling load. We modeled it in Energy Plus, which isn’t limited to the California Simulation Engine’s conservative assumptions on heat pump efficiency. We modeled 8,760 hours of weather for this home, which was designed to just meet the 2019 Title 24 energy code and analyzed the heating and cooling energy usage. We used the current Southern California Edison electric rates on an hourly basis to precisely estimate the utility costs to the homeowner over the course of the year, and used standard TOU rates for the gas furnace split system and the TOU-PRIME rates for the heat pump home. We used four different HVAC scenarios: • Central gas furnace split system with code minimum efficiency and ducts in attic (14 SEER, 80 AFUE) • Central Heat Pump system with code minimum efficiency and ducts in attic (14 SEER, 8.2 HSPF) • Ductless Variable Capacity Heat Pump system with 17 SEER, 10 HSPF). In this “just meets code” scenario, we used the VCHP compliance credit to compensate for cost saving downgrades to the walls and PV system • Ductless VCHP with 20 SEER, 10 HSPF. In this “above code” scenario, we kept the house the same with high-performance walls and prescriptive standard PV system, so that energy use was about 10% better than required by the 2019 energy code. We found that all heat pump scenarios had lower utility costs than the gas furnace split system: Central heat pump: $90 lower utility costs Ductless heat pump “just meets code”: $175 lower utility costs Ductless heat pump “above code”: $240 lower utility costs PROPERTY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA EDISON, 2020. DO NOT ALTER. 13PDF Image | Heat Pumps for New Construction
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