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The Kigali Amendment has reinforced the momentum towards applications that will use low- GWP refrigerants and accelerates the innovation for sustainable RACHP technologies. One of the key issues for the Kigali Amendment implementation is the replacement of HCFC-22 and high- GWP HFCs with lower-GWP refrigerants (Peixoto et al, 2017; Kuijpers, 2017). Tables 1-3 and 1- 4 show the schedules for Article 5 and non-Article 5 countries for the phase-out of production and consumption of HCFCs. Table 1-4: The schedule for non-Article 5 country phase-out for production and consumption of HCFCs Schedule Y ear Baseline 1989 HCFC consumption + 2.8% of 1989 consumption Freeze 1996 35% reduction (65% of baseline) 2004 75% reduction (25% of baseline) 2010 90% reduction (10% of baseline) 2015 Total phase-out 2020 0.5% of baseline restricted to servicing of refrigeration & air-conditioning equipment until 2030 2020 - 2030 1.3 TEAP Task Force reports Before the Kigali Amendment was agreed in October 2016, TEAP was requested several times to submit Task Force reports on the progress in identifying and developing ODS (HFC) alternatives. Particularly the XXV/5, XXVI/9 and XXVII/4 Task Force reports can be mentioned here (TEAP, 2014; TEAP, 2015, TEAP, 2016). Apart from a description on progress in developing new refrigerants and on the progress in the various RACHP sub-sectors, they contained scenario investigations on the impact of the phase-in of low GWP alternatives between 2015 and 2050, using the bottom-up model described in the 2010 RTOC 2010 Assessment Report. Bottom-up results for the RACHP sectors (including servicing) were also used (together with data on consumption in non RACHP sectors) in the Ex.III/1 working group report (TEAP, 2016a), in order to determine the climate benefit of various HFC phase-down proposals that were circulated before the 2016 Kigali MOP-28 meeting. Some results of these scenario investigations are given in Chapter 14 of this 2018 assessment report. Decision XXVIII/2 (para 3) taken at MOP-28 in Kigali, mentioned: “To recognize the importance of timely updating international standards for flammable low-global-warming potential (GWP) refrigerants, including IEC60335-2-40, and to support promoting actions that allow safe market introduction, as well as manufacturing, operation, maintenance and handling, of zero-GWP or low-GWP refrigerant alternatives to hydrochlorofluorocarbons and hydrofluorocarbons”. It is for that reason that, at the Kigali meeting, parties took Decision XXVIII/4 (“Establishment of regular consultations on safety standards”). It requested the Technology and Economic Assessment Panel to establish a task force that included outside experts as needed: (a) To liaise and coordinate with standards organizations, including IEC, to support the timely revision of IEC standard 60335-2-40 and ensure that the requirements for the A2, A2L and A3 categories are revised synchronously using a fair, inclusive and scientifically sound approach; 26 2018 TOC Refrigeration, A/C and Heat Pumps Assessment ReportPDF Image | Heat Pumps Technical Options
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