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In future, condenser heat will be an energy source that can be circulated in district heating and cooling systems. This will enable to achieve the carbon free future that is being envisioned in many parts of the world. If the system is installed near inhabited areas it is possible to install a scrubber that will bind the ammonia to water in the machine room preventing: 1. The ammonia to leave the room 2. Minimising the risk of reaching a concentration at which ammonia can ignite and cause an accident. Figure 5-2 shows the principles of a wet scrubber where a spray system “washes” the air contaminated with ammonia out of the air quantities. The cleaned air can be re-circulated to the machine room or sent to the ambient. Scrubbers can be designed to handle from the smallest charge to the largest charge in the room. One can absorb the ammonia in water, hence the name wet scrubber or in a solid called a dry scrubber. The ultimate solution is to send the leaked ammonia to a flare and burn it away but this solution is mainly used in petrochemical sites where one has the flare already available for other purposes. Clean air Drop eliminator Spray system Tower packing Contaminated air inlet Liquid reservoir Contaminated air Pump Figure 5-2: Principle of a wet scrubber 5.3.2 Hydrofluorocarbons When the first HFC refrigerants, particularly HFC-134a, were introduced in the late 1980s to replace CFC-12, there was no obvious successor to the most common CFC blend in the industrial market, R-502 . This had been introduced to enable single stage compression plants to be used for low temperature applications without excessive discharge temperatures. When it became clear that R-502 could no longer be used, because it contained CFC-115, most system designers either used HCFC-22 or R-717, both of which produced higher discharge temperatures and therefore 108 2018 TOC Refrigeration, A/C and Heat Pumps Assessment ReportPDF Image | Heat Pumps Technical Options
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