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Annex to Chapter 10 Annex B: Regulatory actions affecting vehicle air conditioning and refrigerants This annex summarizes for several, but not all, different regions the legal situation for vehicle air conditioning systems. -Light Duty Cars and Trucks Brazil and Latin America: No specific regulations are in place in Brazil regarding mobile air conditioning. The current most important regulation (Resolução 267_00 CONAMA) states that the current gas refrigerant has to comply with the Montreal Protocol and to have low ozone depletion potential (ODP). The refrigerant currently used not only in Brazil but in whole Latin America is HFC-134a. China: In China, the refrigerant in Mobile Air Conditioning (MAC) systems had been completely changed to HFC-134a since June 30, 2007. The consumption of HFC-134a in MAC in 2012 can be estimated to be about 20,000 tons. The Chinese government also realizes the importance of reducing the emission of greenhouse gas (GHG) since HFC-134a has a high GWP value. For the refrigerant in the vehicle, the work of Chinese government is mainly focused on refrigerant recovery and reducing the refrigerant charge amount since the substitute of HFC-134a is still not very clear. Europe: European Union (EU) regulations, which control MAC system direct emissions, fall into two groups: • controlling leaks • phasing out high-GWP fluorinated GHGs. Directive 2006/40/EC (EU Directive, 2006) applies to passenger cars and light commercial (categories M1 and N1) and covers both the emissions from air-conditioning systems in motor vehicles and the ban on use of refrigerants with a GWP greater than 150 in new type vehicles from January 1, 2011 and all new vehicles from January 1, 2017. Due to the shortage of the low- GWP refrigerant HFO-1234yf, which had apparently been chosen by most if not all OEMs, the European Commission decided not to enforce the Directive until the end of 2012. Although the MAC systems of new types of vehicles to be type approved had to be compatible with MAC directive 2006/40/ EC requirements, manufacturers were allowed to fill new type approved production vehicles with HFC-134a until 31 December 2012. The European Commission (EC) has confirmed several times that this situation of refrigerant shortage has been resolved to its satisfaction and therefore the MAC Directive has been in full effect since 1 January 2013. The type-approval authorities of the Member States are responsible for the monitoring of the implementation of the measures above and for verifying the conformity of production after 31 December 2012. EU Commission Regulation (EC) No 706/2007 (EU Regulation, 2007) includes a harmonised test for measuring leakages from mobile air conditioning systems. EU Commission Directive 2007/37/EC (EU Directive 2007) limits refrigerant emissions from mobile air conditioning, using refrigerants with GWP>150, to 40 g/y for single evaporator systems and 60 g/y for dual evaporator systems beginning with new type vehicles in June 2008 and all vehicles in June 2009. The European Regulation (EC) No 443/2009 (EU Regulation 2009) sets emission performance standards for new passenger cars as part of the Community’s integrated approach to reduce CO2 emissions from light-duty vehicle. The Regulation limits CO2 emissions per kilometer to 130 g CO2/km from 2012 to 2019 and 95 g CO2/km from 2020 onwards. The regulation includes off- cycle credit for innovative technologies reducing the fuel consumption, so-called eco-innovations (chapter 12 of the Regulation), but for mobile air conditioning systems that will be regulated by a specific procedure. The EU is currently cooperating with the stakeholders to develop this procedure. 200 2018 TOC Refrigeration, A/C and Heat Pumps Assessment ReportPDF Image | Heat Pumps Technical Options
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