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flow meter and expansion valve in its way to the evaporator. After the evaporator CO2 passes through the receiver to the compressor and in this way completes the cycle. 4.2.1 Methodology Heat pump was operated to heat up the water (to a set temperature) for tap water heating application, system was operated at fixed evaporation temperature and gas cooler side pressure was varied by changing the compressor speed (from 1050-1800 RPM) and adjustment of expansion valve. Reading for temperatures, flow rate, pressures were taken when the system get stable. These parameters were then used in Engineering Equation Solver (EES) to evaluate the overall system performance (COP, Heating capacity, mass flow, etc). 4.2.2 Direct and Indirect mass flow measurement The CO2 mass flow was checked with C-Flow coriolis mass flow meter (KCM 600) with accuracy of ±1%. Density of the CO2 changes a lot depending upon the gas cooler side pressure and CO2 temperature at gas cooler outlet. Figure 20 shows the variaton of CO2’s density with the variation of gas cooler outlet temperature at different gas cooler outlet pressures. The red rectangle shows the region where the flow was measured (the temperature of CO2 at gas cooler outlet, where the coriolis mass flow meter was located). Sharp variations in thermophysical properties of CO2 (especially close to critical point) suggest to double check the accuracy of the flow meter with indirect methods. Therefore, the measured CO2 mass flow was counter checked with other means in the current study as well, namely: Our measured range Figure 20 CO2 density variation with gas cooler outlet temperature and pressure 21PDF Image | heat recovery from R744 based refrigeration system
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