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Conclusion Overall system analysis of the CO2 heat pump has been discussed in this study, direct and indirect approaches were used for observing CO2 mass flow rate. Various conditions were imposed (by varying system arrangement or by varying operating parameters) to check the system performance. Effectiveness of the heat exchangers (on the gas cooler side) was calculated to have an inner look in the involved heat transfer process. Finally second law analysis was carried out to check the sources of irreversibilities and entropy production in the system. Engineering equation solver (EES) was used to get the property data and for the calculation purpose. Testing results showed comparative system performance (COP of about 4) with most of the studies under similar imposed operating conditions. On average about 20% deviation was observed in the results from two approaches (direct and indirect mass flow readings), it was further observed that maximum deviation occurred at higher pressures. Results for the effectiveness made it clear that while dealing with CO2 overall matching of cooling and heating curve is more influential parameter than the approach temperature alone (at gas cooler outlet on CO2 side) for better understanding the obtained results. Second law analysis showed compressor and expansion valve are the main sources for the exergy destruction and entropy production in the system, however minimum value for the exergetic efficiency was found for the evaporator. 53PDF Image | heat recovery from R744 based refrigeration system
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