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Basics of Industrial Heat Pumps 1-32 Introduction 1 Introduction Securing a reliable, economic and sustainable energy supply as well as environmental and climate protection are important challenges of the 21st century. Renewable energy and improving energy efficiency are the most important steps to achieve these goals of energy policy. About 30 % of the global energy demand [IEA, 2013] and CO2 emissions are attributable to industry, especially the big primary materials industries such as chemicals and petro- chemicals, iron and steel, cement, paper and aluminium. Understanding how this energy is used, the national and international trends and the potential for efficiency gains, are crucial. While impressive efficiency gains have already been achieved in the past two decades, energy use and CO2 emissions in manufacturing industries could be reduced further, if best available technologies were to be applied worldwide. Heat pumps have become increasingly important in the world as a technology to im- prove energy efficiency and reduce CO2 emissions. The heat pump markets are currently growing at a steady pace, however, in many countries focused mainly on residential heat pumps for space heating and cooling as well as domestic hot water. Heat pumps for high temperature applications and industrial use have often been neglected, as the share of energy cost has been low for companies and thus investments to improve pro- duction normally have a much higher priority than investments in energy efficiency. Increased use of energy has, to some extent, been an indication of economic growth. Industrial heat pumps (IHPs), however, offer various opportunities to all types of manu- facturing processes and operations. Increased energy efficiency is certainly the IHPs most prominent benefit, but few companies have realized the untapped potential of IHPs in solving production and environmental problems. IHPs can offer the least-cost option in getting the bottlenecks out of production process to allow greater product throughput. In fact, IHPs may be an industrial facility’s best way of significantly and cost- effectively reducing combustion related emissions [Leonardo, 2007]. Industrial heat pumps are using waste process heat as the heat source, deliver heat at higher temperature for use in industrial process heating or preheating, or for space heating and cooling in industry. They can significantly reduce fossil fuel consumption and greenhouse gas emissions in drying, washing, evaporation and distillation processes in a variety of applications as well as heating and cooling of industrial and commercial buildings. Industries that can benefit from this technology include food and beverage processing, forest products, textiles, and chemicals.PDF Image | Industrial Heat Pumps
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