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4. EXPERIMENTATION AND RESULTS Experiments were performed in heat pump operation based on a test matrix in development for a proposed SAE heat pump standard as shown in Table 1. Ambient temperatures down to -20°C were explored, however, R134a experienced undesirable sub-atmospheric operation at -20°C thus -15°C test points were added in order to compare R134a and the R134a/R744 blend at the lower limits of R134a heat pump operation. Table 1: Heat Pump Test Matrix The two refrigerants were run at maximum compressor speeds for each condition within the limits of allowable compressor discharge temperature and while avoiding sub-atmospheric operation. The R134a/R744 blend produced 15% to 50% higher heating capacities at ambient temperatures of -10°C and below as shown in Figure 4. The R134a/R744 blend also produced capacities of approximately 3.5kW at -20°C where R134a could not reasonably operate. Figure 5 shows the corresponding COP values for the maximum capacity data points. The COP is defined by dividing the heating capacity by the compressor power which is sometimes referred to as the heating performance factor (HPF). Despite the much higher capacities for the R134a/R744 blend, the COP values were very close to R134a with the blend being on average 3% lower. The same low temperature conditions were run where the compressor speed was adjusted for the R134a/R744 blend to match the capacity of R134a. At equal capacities the R134a/R744 blend exhibited 2% to 9% higher COP results. 2509, Page 4 15th International Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Conference at Purdue, July 14-17, 2014PDF Image | Mobile Heat Pump Exploration Using R445A and R744
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