PDF Publication Title:
Text from PDF Page: 049
4.5. Total equivalent warming impact (TEWI) In order to evaluate the overall environmental performance of a refrigerant, considering both the direct effect (linked to GWP – effect of the refrigerant itself on the environment), and the indirect one (linked to SCOP – emissions linked to the power consumption of the heat pump), the TEWI parameter was calculated. The results will be presented for both radiator and floor heating conditions according to the input data presented in section 3.3. Furthermore, a sensitivity analysis is conducted in order to investigate the influence of the main parameters characterising the system. In addition, results are shown for a CO2 emission factor calculated as an average for the whole European grid. 4.5.1. Results In Error! Reference source not found. the values calculated for Sweden in the case of radiator heating are shown. For the baseline R410A, the values are 5174.63 kg CO2-equivalent for radiator heating, and 4666.26 kg CO2-equivalent for floor heating. It is evident that the Hydrocarbons, R290 and R1270, along with R1234yf and R1234ze(E) present an almost inexistent direct effect, due to the low GWP. The indirect effect, instead, doesn’t show a major variation between the options. In general, the reduction of TEWI compared to R410A is astounding. This is justified by the fact that Sweden has a very clean energy mix for energy production, and thus does not entail a large indirect effect. The lowest reduction is obtained by R32, with a reduction of 40.8%. 6000.00 5000.00 4000.00 3000.00 2000.00 1000.00 0.00 156.24 2.07 R152a R290 5.13 6.38 11.27 2881.44 2293.19 R410A R32 R1270 R1234yf R1234ze(E) 914.09 2150.28 2242.03 2346.48 2362.43 2450.13 Direct effect Indirect effect 2385.45 Figure 4.9. Figure 4.9. TEWI - Direct and indirect effect (radiator heating) The HCs offer overall the lowest TEWI, thus the best environmental performance with reductions of 54.2% and 54.6% for R1270 and R290 respectively. They are closely followed by R1234yf and R1234ze(E) that register respectively -52.5% and -53.7%. Due to the good SCOP and the low GWP, -40- TEWI [kg CO2]PDF Image | Next generation of refrigerants for residential heat pump systems
PDF Search Title:
Next generation of refrigerants for residential heat pump systemsOriginal File Name Searched:
MartinaLonghini_ThesisReport.pdfDIY PDF Search: Google It | Yahoo | Bing
CO2 Organic Rankine Cycle Experimenter Platform The supercritical CO2 phase change system is both a heat pump and organic rankine cycle which can be used for those purposes and as a supercritical extractor for advanced subcritical and supercritical extraction technology. Uses include producing nanoparticles, precious metal CO2 extraction, lithium battery recycling, and other applications... More Info
Heat Pumps CO2 ORC Heat Pump System Platform More Info
CONTACT TEL: 608-238-6001 Email: greg@infinityturbine.com (Standard Web Page)