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J. Sarkar et al. / International Journal of Refrigeration 27 (2004) 830–838 835 Fig. 3. p–h diagram for the heat pump cycle for various gas cooler pressures. discharge pressure. So, the performance of internal heat exchanger has a minor influence on system optimization at low and moderate gas cooler exit temperatures. As mentioned earlier, the variation in the cooler outlet temperature has a significant impact on the optimal design conditions. The maximum system COP increases sharply with a decrease in the cooler outlet temperature as is evident from Fig. 5. For an evaporator temperature of 0 8C and an internal heat exchanger effectiveness of 60%, the system COP gets almost doubled with exit temperature falling from 50 to 308C and the corresponding required optimum pressure decreases from 122 to 74 bar. 5.1. Correlations for optimum conditions The system COP depends on evaporator temperature, Fig. 4. Variation of maximum system COP and optimum discharge pressure with evaporator temperature. Fig. 5. Variation of maximum system COP and optimum discharge pressure with cooler outlet temperature. compressor efficiency, gas cooler outlet temperature, compressor discharge pressure and heat exchanger effec- tiveness: COP 1⁄4 f ðtev; t3; his;copm; p2; 1Þ ð27Þ The maximum system COP is given by, COPmax 1⁄4 f ðtev ; t3 ; his;copm ; 1Þ and the corresponding optimum pressure is given by, popt 1⁄4 f ðtev ; t3 ; his;copm ; 1Þ: In the present study, it is observed that for the given input temperatures the internal heat exchanger has a negligible effect on the system performance. Moreover, isentropic efficiency of the com- pressor is exclusively dependent on compressor design. Hence ignoring these two (his;comp and 1) effects the optimum condition dependence reduces to its functional form expressed as: COPmax 1⁄4 f ðtev; t3Þ; popt 1⁄4 f ðtev; t3Þ ð28Þ Fig. 6. Maximum system-COP contour.PDF Image | Optimization of a transcritical CO2 heat pump cycle
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