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Simulations have been carried out and correlations for the estimation of COP and EER have been inferred as 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 Annual variation of the monthly mean temperature 41 a function of the evaporating and condensing temperatures respectively. As an example, for a load temperature value of 45 °C and 2 °C respectively, the correlations for the R410A heat pumps are: which are typical of high performance commercial products. 4. LOADS ON THE HVAC AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS The system has been considered for a supermarket of 6352 m2 vending area located at the ground floor of a larger modern shopping mall. The supermarket is rectangular in plan, the roof and one of the longest sides (north oriented) are insulated external walls, while the other is a single glazed window construction facing an internal hallway. The floor is attached to the underground parking and the other sides to warehouse areas. There are refrigerated display cabinets for a total length of 208 m and 10 cold rooms for the Medium Temperature (MT) and frozen food display cases for a total length of 86 m and 2 cold rooms for the Low Temperature (LT). The refrigeration plant has a capacity of 140 kW at the Medium Temperature and 28 kW at the Low Temperature evaporative level. In this study three different locations characterized by mild climate conditions have been considered. The weather files are extrapolated from Meteonorm (Remund, 2014). In Table 4, synthetic values of daily and annual external air temperature and the value of Heating Degree Days (estimated for 20°C indoor temperature and outdoor temperature lower than 14 °C) are reported for different climates. Table 4. Climate conditions considered. (6) (7) Climate conditions Annual average temperature Unit Climate 1 °C 18.6 K 13.4 K 10.6 HDD/year 751 Climate 2 16.4 15.8 10.4 1435 Climate 3 11.6 22.2 23.7 2404 Diurnal temperature variation, maximum value over the 42 43 44 45 Heating Degree Days 46 year 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 The whole shopping mall has been simulated in Trnsys in order to assess the heating demand of the supermarket. For the sales area, the heating set-point temperature and the heating set-back are 20 °C and 15°C respectively, the lighting and electrical equipment load is 35 W/m2 , the occupancy 0.25 person/m2 and the ventilation 2 air changes per hour. The load of the refrigerated display cabinets is dynamically calculated as stated above. Simulation are carried out with a 15 minutes time step. The monthly heating demands of the supermarket are compared in Figure 2 for the various climates, together with the demand for domestic hot water, whose usage is estimated at a maximum value of 250 dm3 per hour during the opening hours.PDF Image | R744 BOOSTER INTEGRATED SYSTEM
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