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Substitutes for R22 in A/C and heat pumps R32 as substitute for R22 R427A meets the requirement of the EU F-Gas Regulation, which will only allow refrigerants with GWP < 2500 from 2020. However, the quantity limitation due to the "phase-down" will also lead to significantly restricted availability. BITZER compressors are suitable for R427A. An individual selection is pos- sible upon demand. Supplementary information concerning the use of HFC blends (see also https://www.bitzer.de) o Technical information A-540 “Retrofit R22 or R404A/R507A – Step by step” It was proven in flammability tests that the necessary ignition energy is very high and the flame speed is low. Therefore, R32 (like R1234yf and R1234ze) has been placed in the new safety group A2L ac- cording to ISO 817. The resulting safety requirements are spe- cified in the revised EN 378 (amended ver- sion 2016). R32 is also considered an alternative for systems with larger refrigerant charge, e.g. liquid chillers for air conditioning and pro- cess applications and heat pumps pre- viously operated with R410A. However, depending on the installation site of the system, appropriate refrigerant charge limits must be observed. On the other hand, there are no such restrictions when installed outdoors (without access to un- authorized persons) and in machine rooms (for example, according to EN 378-3: 2016). It should be noted, however, that R32 precharged chillers may be subject to special conditions during transport (accord- ing to the Pressure Equipment Directive, R32 is classified under Fluid Group 1). BITZER scroll compressors of the ORBIT GSD6..AL and GSD8..AL series have been approved and released for use with R32. As described earlier, R32 belongs to the HFC refrigerants, but initially it was mainly used as a component of refrigerant blends only. An essential barrier for the application as a pure substance so far is the flammabil- ity. This requires adequate charge limita- tions and/or additional safety measures, especially with installations inside buildings. In addition there are very high pressure levels and discharge gas temperatures (compression exponent higher than with R22 and R410A). On the other hand, R32 has favorable ther- modynamic properties, e.g. very high evap- orating enthalpy and volumetric refriger- ating capacity, low vapor density (low pressure drop in pipelines), low mass flow, and favorable power input for compression. The global warming potential is relatively low (GWP = 675). Looking at these favorable properties and taking into account the additional effort for emission reductions, R32 will increasingly be used as a refrigerant in factory produced systems (A/C units, liquid chillers, heat pumps). Fig. 23 R32/R410A – comparison of performance and operating data of a scroll compressor 23PDF Image | REFRIGERANT REPORT 21
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