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Halogen free (natural) refrigerants An assessment of NH3 compact systems – instead of systems using HFC refrigerants and conventional technology – is only pos- sible on an individual basis, taking into accounttheparticularapplication.Froma merely technical viewpoint and presuppos- ing an acceptable price level, a wider range of products will supposedly become avail- ableintheforeseeablefuture. The product range from BITZER today includes an extensive selection of opti- Conversion of existing plants The refrigerant NH3 is not suitable for the conversion of existing (H)CFC or HFC plants; they must be constructed completely newwithallcomponents. Supplementary BITZER information concerning the application of NH (seealsohttps://www.bitzer.de) 3 R723 (NH3/DME) as an alternative to NH3 The previously described experiences with plants with direct evaporation caused fur- ther experiments on the basis of NH3 by addinganoilsolublerefrigerantcomponent. Main goals were improved oil transport and heat transmission with conventional lubri- cants, along with a reduced discharge gas temperaturefortheextendedapplication range with single stage compressors. The result of this research project is a re- frigerant blend of NH3 (60%) and dimethyl ether "DME" (40%), It was developed by the Institute of Air Handling and Refrigeration (ILK) in Dresden, Germany, and has been applied in a series of real systems. As a largely inorganic refrigerant it received the designation R723 due to it its average mo- lecular weight of 23 kg/kmol in accordance to the standard refrigerant nomenclature. mizedNH compressorsforvarious 3 o Technical Information AT-640 “Use of Ammonia (R717) in BITZER compressors” types of lubricants: o Single stage open reciprocating compressors (displacement 19 to 152 m3/h with 1450 rpm) for air con- ditioning, medium temperature and booster applications o Open screw compressors (displace- ment 84 to 1015 m3/h – with parallel operation to 4060 m3/h – with 2900 rpm) for air conditioning, medium and low temperature cooling. Options for low temperature cooling: – Single stage operation – Economiser operation – Booster operation theuseofNH incommercialrefrigeration 3 Δ η R22 Fig. 24 Comparison of discharge gas temperatures Fig. 25 NH3/R22 – comparison of pressure levels 29 DPDF Image | REFRIGERANT REPORT 21
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