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Residential CO2 Heat Pump System for Combined

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Residential CO2 Heat Pump System for Combined ( residential-co2-heat-pump-system-combined )

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3 – Theoretical Background and System Analysis Due to the bad temperature fit between the supercritical CO2 and the water in the floor heating system and the consequent high average temperature difference, the COP will be lower than that of a conventional heat pump cycle where heat is given off at constant temperature by condensation of the working fluid (Kerherve and Clodic, 2002). 110 90 70 50 30 10 -10 450 Figure 3.14 3.2.4.3 500 550 600 650 700 750 110 90 70 50 30 10 -10 800 850 B CO2 - 8.5 MPa (b-c) Low-temperature space heating b c B Specific Enthalpy, h (kJ/kg) Illustration of the heat rejection process for a tripartite gas cooler operating in the SH mode. The high-side pressure is 8.5 MPa. Design of the Tripartite Gas Cooler Designing a tripartite gas cooler for an integrated CO2 heat pump unit is an iterative optimization process, since there are tight reciprocal connec- tions between the set-point temperatures for the secondary systems and the heat transfer surfaces for the three gas cooler units on one hand, and the required heating capacity, the DHW heating capacity ratio, the high- side pressure and finally the COP on the other hand. One of the main goals in the design process, is to obtain the largest possible temperature glide during heat rejection (i.e. a large enthalpy difference) at the lowest possible high-side pressure (i.e. a moderate compressor power input) during operation in the different modes. Figure 3.15 shows the principle of the heat rejection process in the tripartite gas cooler as well as an overview of the main variables and input parameters. 43 Temperature, T (oC)

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Residential CO2 Heat Pump System for Combined

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