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4 – Test Rig Design and Experimental Methods Table 4.17 Overview of the operating modes and range for the set-points. System – Component Evaporation temperature Superheating of suction gas1) Gas cooler – supercritical pressure DHW system – inlet water temp.2) DHW system – outlet water temp. SH system – outlet temperature SH system – temp. difference Compressor – rotational speed CO2 mass flow rate3) Set Points -10, -5 and 0oC 2.5 and 5 K 7.5 to 11 MPa Approx. 6oC 60, 70 or 80oC 33oC, 35oC or 40oC 5 K 6000 rpm (100 Hz) 1.210 to 1.630 kg/min Variation ± 0.1oC ± 0.5 K ± 0.03 MPa ± 1.5oC ± 0.5oC ± 0.1oC ± 0.1 K Constant ± 3% 1) 5 K for the space heating mode and 2.5 K for the other modes 2) Depended on the city water temperature and heat transfer through the supply pipe 3) Depended on the pressure and temperature of the suction gas Most of the tests were carried out at an evaporation temperature of -5°C, since this represents a typical temperature level for a ground-coupled heat pump operating in a cold climate. The heat pump unit rejected heat to a typical floor heating system, where the supply temperature ranged from 33 to 40°C, and the temperature difference was kept constant at 5 K. At fixed inlet and outlet temperatures for the space heating and hot water systems, the inlet gas cooler pressure was varied between 7.5 and 11 MPa in order to see its impact on the heating capacity and the COP of the heat pump unit as well as the temperature fit in the tripartite gas cooler. Before the actual test series were conducted, the heat pump system was run for a longer period in order to gain general operational experience and to carry out preliminary tests. The purpose of these tests was, among other things, to evaluate the quality of the measurements by means of repeated experiments at equal set-points, and to compare the measurements carried out at the water circuits and the CO2 circuit. About 80 tests were accomplished during the experimental period. Table 4.18 provides an overview of the set-points for each test series. 96PDF Image | Residential CO2 Heat Pump System for Combined
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