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5 – Experimental Results According to Figure 5.39, the impact of the high-side pressure on the COP during the different heating modes and temperature programmes can be summarized as follows: ♦ By using active pressure control, it was feasible to run the integrated CO2 heat pump unit at optimum high-side pressure over a relatively wide range of operating conditions, and thus achieve the highest possible COP. ♦ For each of the nine temperature programmes, the optimum high-side pressures in the combined mode and the SH mode were maximum 0.5 MPa apart. Hence, by operating the CO2 heat pump unit at a constant high-side pressure, the actual COPs would have been more or less identical with the maximum COPs as long as the temperature levels in the space heating and hot water systems were constant and the entire hot water demand was covered by operation in the com- bined mode. ♦ At 60oC hot water temperature, the COP was about 5% (combined mode), 0% (DHW mode), and 7.5% (SH mode) less than the maxi- mum COP when CO2 heat pump unit was run at a constant high-side pressure of 9 MPa. ♦ At 70oC hot water temperature and the two highest temperature levels in the space heating system, the COP was about 3% (combined mode), 7% (DHW mode), and 6% (SH mode) less than the maxi- mum COP when the CO2 heat pump unit was run at a constant high- side pressure of 9.5 MPa. ♦ At 80oC hot water temperature, the difference between the average COP at varying temperature levels in the space heating system and the maximum COP was about 7% (combined mode), 10% (DHW mode) and 18% (SH mode) when the CO2 heat pump unit was run at a constant high-side pressure of 10 MPa. The Heating Capacity of the Space Heating Gas Cooler Unit Figure 5.40 shows the ratio between the heating capacity of the space heating gas cooler unit during operation in the SH mode and the combined mode at optimum high-side pressure and varying set-point temperatures. 146PDF Image | Residential CO2 Heat Pump System for Combined
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