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7 – Discussion and Analysis ♦ The exergy loss for the compressor was totally dominant, and consti- tuted about 52 to 55% of the total exergy loss for test series. For high-efficiency state-of-the-art residential brine-to-water heat pumps, the relative compressor loss will typically be around 35 to 40% (ref. simulations with Coolpack; Rasmussen, 2001). ♦ The moderate exergy loss for the expansion valve (13%) was a result of the relatively low outlet temperature from the DHW preheating gas cooler unit (9.8oC at 33/28-60oC, 19.0oC at 40/35-80oC). ♦ The total exergy loss for the tripartite gas cooler was in the same order of magnitude as the exergy loss for the expansion valve and the space heating system. The exergy loss increased by approximately 45% when the temperature program was altered from 33/28-60oC to 40/35-80oC. This was due to the larger mean temperature difference and the higher mean temperature level during heat rejection. 7.2.2 The DHW Mode Figure 7.5 shows the exergy losses for the prototype CO2 heat pump system during operation in the DHW mode at optimum high-side pressure and 60 and 80oC DHW temperature. The numbers at the top of the bars represent the measured COP of the heat pump unit. 1600 1200 800 400 0 3.80 58 3.09 72 Expansion Valve GC DHW-Preheating GC DHW-Reheating Compressor Evaporator 194 162 141 132 628 60°C 80°C 722 107 103 Figure 7.5 The exergy losses for the prototype CO2 heat pump system at optimum high-side pressure during operation in the DHW mode at 60oC and 80oC hot water temperature. 219 Exergy Loss [W]PDF Image | Residential CO2 Heat Pump System for Combined
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