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8 – Conclusions and Suggestions for Further Work ♦ The integrated CO2 heat pump system will be more complex than the state-of-the art residential heat pump systems due to the requirement for a tripartite gas cooler, extra valves and tubing for by-pass of fluids, an inverter controlled pump in the DHW circuit as well as an especially designed DHW storage tank. The application of optimum high-side pressure control will further increase the technical and ope- rational complexity of the system. 8.1.2 The Domestic Hot Water Tank ♦ Conductive heat transfer between the DHW and the cold city water in the storage tank during the tapping and charging periods may result in a considerable increase in the inlet water temperature for the DHW preheating gas cooler. This will in turn reduce the COP of the integrated CO2 heat pump. The thermodynamic losses are highest at large initial temperature differences for the DHW and the city water, small charging volumes and low gas cooler heating capacities. Inevitable mixing of hot and cold water in the tank will lead to further increase in the thermodynamic losses for the CO2 heat pump system. ♦ One possible way to reduce internal conductive heat transfer and avoid the mixing in cylindrical single-shell DHW storage tanks, is to separate the DHW and the city water by means of a movable plate with low thermal conductivity. The concept proved to give satis- factory thermal performance and functionality at atmospheric opera- ting conditions. However, definite conclusions regarding the functio- nality, thermal performance and optimum design can only be drawn after full-scale testing has been carried out in a pressurised tank. First-costs as well as the long-term reliability of the insulating plate are also important issues that need to be further addressed. 8.2 Suggestions for Further Work On the basis of the results and conclusions from this thesis, the sugges- tions for further work are as follows: 231PDF Image | Residential CO2 Heat Pump System for Combined
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