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Since the initial concentrations were different, we paid more attention to the flux of the two ions. Most Li+ flow through the upper right of the chamber where the collector the two ions. Most Li+ flow through the upper right of the chamber where the collector box is located (Figure 3). The flux of Mg2+ at the right outlet of the chamber is much lower box is located (Figure 3). The flux of Mg2+ at the right outlet of the chamber is much lower than the feed (Figure 4). These two figures demonstrated that the proposed system could than the feed (Figure 4). These two figures demonstrated that the proposed system could continuously extract Li+ ions with a concentration of 1.28 times in the raw brine while Membranes 2021, 11, 697 + 8 of 13 continuously extract Li ions with a concentration of 1.28 times in the raw brine while simultaneously removing Mg2+ ions. simultaneously removing Mg2+ ions. Figure 3. The flux distribution of Li+. Values of other parameters are: V = 30 VT, uout = 1 mm/s, u1 = Figure 3. The flux distribution of Li+. Values of other parameters are: V = 30 V , u = 1 mm/s, u = 0.63 mm/s, and + Tout1 Figure 3. The flux distribution of Li . Values of other parameters are: V = 30 VT, uout = 1 mm/s, u1 = 0.63 mm/s, and u2 = 1 mm/s. u2 = 1 mm/s. 0.63 mm/s, and u2 = 1 mm/s. Figure 4. The flux distribution of Mg2+. Val2u+es of other parameters are: V = 30V , u = 1 mm/s, u = 0.63 mm/s, and Figure 4. The flux distribution of Mg . Values of other parameters aTre: oVut = 30VT, uout 1= 1 mm/s, u1 = uFi=g1umrem4/.sT. he flux distribution of Mg2+. Values of other parameters are: V = 30VT, uout = 1 mm/s, u1 = 2 0.63 mm/s, and u2 = 1 mm/s. 0.63 mm/s, and u2 = 1 mm/s. 3.1. Effect of the Voltage 3.1. Effect of the Voltage To reduce the vortices, we control the voltage within 30V . It is noticed that only a 3.1. Effect of the Voltage T Toreducethevosmrtailclefrsa,cwtioenocfocnutrroenlttahcerovssotlhteahgoeriwzointthailndir3e0cVtioTn..IHtiesncneo,tthieceldectrhicafiteoldndlyistaribution To reduce the vortices, we control the voltage within 30VT. It is noticed that only a is zero in that direction. When the voltage increases, the IDZ area becomes more extensive, small fraction of current across the horizontal direction. Hence, the electric field distribu- 2+ small fraction of curcraeunstinagctrhoescsathioenshtormizoovnetdaolwdnirweacrtdios.nS.inHcenthceeF, thofeMelgectiroincsfisesldigndifiisctarnitblyu-greater tion is zero in that direction. When the voltage increases, the IDZ area becomes more ex- than other ions, most move to the downside reservoir. The effect of the Mg2+/Li+ separation tion is zero in that direction. When the voltage increases, the IDZ area becomes more ex- tensive, causing the cations to move downwards. Since the FE of Mg2+ ions is significantly is significant before reaching the unstable fluid motion caused by the electric instability tensive, causing the cations to move downwards. Since the FE of Mg2+ ions is significantly greaterthanotherio(nFsig,umreo5s)t[3m8–o4v2e].tothedownsidereservoir.TheeffectoftheMg2+/Li+ greater than other ions, most move to the downside reservoir. The effect of the Mg2+/Li+ separation is significant before reaching the unstable fluid motion caused by the electric 3.2. Effect of the Velocity u separation is significant before reachingotuht e unstable fluid motion caused by the electric instability (Figure 5) [38–42]. 2+ instability (Figure 5) [38–A4s2s]h.own in Figure 6, when the horizontal speed uout increases, the Mg + /Li ratio increased. Although the flux of Li+ ions increases, there is not enough time for Mg2+ to reach the downside reservoir, resulting in a significant rise in the average flux of Mg2+ flux and poor separation effect, specifically reflected in the increase in the Mg2+/Li+ flux ratio. EPDF Image | Brines Based on Free Flow Ion Concentration Polarization
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