PDF Publication Title:
Text from PDF Page: 009
Geosciences 2018, 8, 56 9 of 18 Geosciences 2018, 8, x FOR PEER REVIEW 9 of 19 4000 3000 2000 1000 0 B. napus B. oleracea H. annus S. lycopersicum C. hirsuta FiguFreig2u.rxe L2.i cxo̅ Lniceconntrcaetnitornatinonleianvlesavoefsthoef 5thsepe5csiepsec(iBersas(Bsircaassnicaapunsa,pBusr,asBsriacsasoiclaeroalceera,ceHa,elHiaenlitahnutshuasnnuus, Solanaunmnuluysc,oSpoelrasniucummly,caonpedrsCicaurmd,aamnidneCharirdsaumtian.e) h(Uirsnuittas.)=(Umngit/sk=gm).g/kg). Brassica oleracea, Helianthus annuus and Cardamine hirsuta showed a considerable increase in their Brassica oleracea, Helianthus annuus and Cardamine hirsuta showed a considerable increase in their Li content from the control group up to the 1000 mg/kg Li doped soil group. Brassica oleracea and Li content from the control group up to the 1000 mg/kg Li doped soil group. Brassica oleracea and Helianthus annuus showed variable Li levels (Figure 3) and x̅ maximum levels of 1496, SD = 691 and Helianthus annuus showed variable Li levels (Figure 3) and x maximum levels of 1496, SD = 691 and 601, SD = 354 mg/kg respectively. The data from these two species suggested that they were natural 601, SD = 354 mg/kg respectively. The data from these two species suggested that they were natural Li Li accumulators, which could absorb Li from soil and accumulate the metal in substantial amounts accuminuthlaetirortsis,swuehsi.cThhcisouaclcduambusloartibonLialfsromseesmoisltaonhdaavcechuamdualantegtlihgeibmleeetfafelcitnosnubthsetahnetailatlhaomfothuentsin theirptliasnsutsews.hTichishadccaumourltatlitoynratlesofsjeuesmt5s%toinhBarvaesshicadolaernacegalaignidbHleeleifafnetchtuosnantnhueushe(faivltehpolafntthseopflants each). A strong linear association between the Li content in the plants and Li content amended to the which had a mortality rate of just 5% in Brassica oleracea and Helianthus annuus (five plants of each). soil was evident, Brassica oleracea at a coefficient of determination (r2) = 0.927 and Helianthus annuus A strong linear association between the Li content in the plants and Li content amended to the soil was at r2 = 0.953. These two species were selected to progress to further trials. There was an X̅ increase of evident, Brassica oleracea at a coefficient of determination (r2) = 0.927 and Helianthus annuus at r2 = 0.953. around 150 mg/kg Li from group to group in Brassica oleracea and Helianthus annuus. Cardamine hirsuta These two species were selected to progress to further trials. There was an x increase of around showed increases of around 460 mg/kg Li between treatments, with x̅ maximum level of 4997, SD = 150 mg/kg Li from group to group in Brassica oleracea and Helianthus annuus. Cardamine hirsuta showed 339 mg/kg. Even though Cardamine hirsuta accumulated the highest concentrations of Li among the increases of around 460 mg/kg Li between treatments, with x maximum level of 4997, SD = 339 mg/kg. five species tested, the size of the plant (i.e., it is a low yielding crop) means that the species could Even though Cardamine hirsuta accumulated the highest concentrations of Li among the five species never be used successfully in any agro-mining project which require substantial amounts of biomass testetdo, jtuhsetifsyizteheofprtohceepsslaencotn(oi.me.i,ciatlliys.aAllothwouygiehl,dthinegexccreopt)iomnaelahnigshthgartowthteh srpatecoiefsthciosuslpdecniesvceorublde used succepsostfeunltliyalliynmanakyeaigtraov-miabinleinvgenpturoreje,cthtiwsihsiucnhlirkeeqlyuiarsetshuebhsatravnetsitainlgamfreoqunetnscioefsbwioumldasnseteodjtuosbtiefythe increased thereby increasing costs. Cardamine hirsuta also displayed the highest level of plant process economically. Although, the exceptional high growth rate of this species could potentially mortality among the five species tested i.e., >20% in trial 1 (i.e., 22 plants), because of these facts make it a viable venture, this is unlikely as the harvesting frequencies would need to be increased Cardamine hirsuta did not progress to further trials. Brassica napus and Solanum lycopersicum showed thereby increasing costs. Cardamine hirsuta also displayed the highest level of plant mortality among Li x̅ maximum levels of x̅ = 11.3, SD = 3.9 and x̅ = 120, SD = 32.4 mg/kg respectively. Both species had the five species tested i.e., >20% in trial 1 (i.e., 22 plants), because of these facts Cardamine hirsuta did a strong positive linear association between Li in the plant and Li amended to the soil, Brassica napus not progress to further trials. Brassica napus and Solanum lycopersicum showed Li x maximum levels at r = 0.68 and Solanum lycopersicum at r = 0.85. There were no plant mortalities observed in trial 1 for of x = 11.3, SD = 3.9 and x = 120, SD = 32.4 mg/kg respectively. Both species had a strong positive Brassica napus and Solanum lycopersicum the plants appeared to have a high tolerance to Li. The low linear association between Li in the plant and Li amended to the soil, Brassica napus at r = 0.68 and concentrations of Li present in the leaves of both species should have determined that they did not Solanpurmoglryecsospteorfsuicruthmerattriral=s.0H.8o5w.eTvhere.rBeewcaeurseenoof tphelapnotsmsiboirlittaielistipersovoibdseedrvbeydBriansstircianla1pfuosrsuBcrhasassicoailnapus and Saonldanbuiomdileysceolpperosidcucmtiothnethpelapnlatnstawpapsesaerledctetod thoacvoenatinhuigehtotofulertrhaenrcteritaolsL. Si.olTanhuemlolwycocpoenrsciceunmtrdatidions of not progress to further trials. Li present in the leaves of both species should have determined that they did not progress to further trials. However. Because of the possibilities provided by Brassica napus such as oil and biodiesel 3.4. Trial 2, Li Amended Soil, EDTA Treatment production the plant was selected to continue to further trials. Solanum lycopersicum did not progress These trials were carried out using the plants Brassica napus, Brassica oleracea and Helianthus to further trials. annuus (N = 300 new plants). The purpose of trial 2 was to assess the effect EDTA doping had on the amounts of Li taken into the plants. Trials were carried out as before using the same Li soil 3.4. Trial 2, Li Amended Soil, EDTA Treatment amendment protocol and the same number of plants in each group. The only difference between the These trials were carried out using the plants Brassica napus, Brassica oleracea and Helianthus annuus trials was that one week prior to harvesting (i.e., around 3.5 months) EDTA at 0.05M was added to (N = 300 new plants). The purpose of trial 2 was to assess the effect EDTA doping had on the amounts the soil along with their normal watering (i.e., approximately 100 mL of 0.05M EDTA solution in of Li taken into the plants. Trials were carried out as before using the same Li soil amendment protocol and the same number of plants in each group. The only difference between the trials was that one week prior to harvesting (i.e., around 3.5 months) EDTA at 0.05M was added to the soil along with their normal watering (i.e., approximately 100 mL of 0.05M EDTA solution in deionised water). Giving approximately 2.5 mmol EDTA/kg. Figures 3–5 illustrate the differences in the amount of Li absorbed Lithium mg/kgPDF Image | Induced Plant Accumulation of Lithium
PDF Search Title:
Induced Plant Accumulation of LithiumOriginal File Name Searched:
geosciences-08-00056.pdfDIY PDF Search: Google It | Yahoo | Bing
Product and Development Focus for Infinity Turbine
ORC Waste Heat Turbine and ORC System Build Plans: All turbine plans are $10,000 each. This allows you to build a system and then consider licensing for production after you have completed and tested a unit.Redox Flow Battery Technology: With the advent of the new USA tax credits for producing and selling batteries ($35/kW) we are focussing on a simple flow battery using shipping containers as the modular electrolyte storage units with tax credits up to $140,000 per system. Our main focus is on the salt battery. This battery can be used for both thermal and electrical storage applications. We call it the Cogeneration Battery or Cogen Battery. One project is converting salt (brine) based water conditioners to simultaneously produce power. In addition, there are many opportunities to extract Lithium from brine (salt lakes, groundwater, and producer water).Salt water or brine are huge sources for lithium. Most of the worlds lithium is acquired from a brine source. It's even in seawater in a low concentration. Brine is also a byproduct of huge powerplants, which can now use that as an electrolyte and a huge flow battery (which allows storage at the source).We welcome any business and equipment inquiries, as well as licensing our turbines for manufacturing.| CONTACT TEL: 608-238-6001 Email: greg@infinityturbine.com | RSS | AMP |