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however, recyclers are gradually reacting to predicted changes in demand. Belgian recyclers umicore, for example, have expanded their capacity, as they expect the collection of Li-ion batteries from (hybrid) electric vehicles to be more significant both in terms of tonnage and because of their size and the fact that people are unlikely to hoard them.33 these changes need to be underpinned and coordinated, through the introduction of appropriate legislation, increased investment in infrastructure, and the development and sharing of new technologies. Lithium collectors use different sorting processes, some of which are currently subject to commercial confidentiality. French metal recycling company, SNAm, for example, is authorised to process up to 300 tonnes of lithium-ion batteries annually. After the batteries are sorted, they go through a process of pyrolysis to get rid of plastic and paper materials. Cobalt, alu- minium, copper and iron are recycled but lithium is not currently recovered.43 SARP industries/Euro Dieuze, also in France, specialises in battery recycling, including the recovery of lithium using hydro-metallurgical processes. however, as a new activity undergoing research and development, the details of its activities are restricted by confidentiality agreements.44 figure 2: European lithium battery collectors 34 Country Company CapaCity (tonnes of batteries per year) France SARP/Euro Dieuze Recupyl SNAM 20035 11036 30037 Switzerland Batrec Industrie AG 20038 Belgium Umicore 7,00039 Germany Stiftung Gemeinsames Rücknahmesystem Batterien 34040 Netherlands Stibat n/a41 united Kingdom G&P Batteries 14542 what neeDs to happen next the future of lithium collection and recycling in the Eu is directly related to future demand for lithium, the price and availability of lithium imports, and Eu policies specifically designed to reduce lithium consumption and imports. Continuing demand for electronic devices such as mobile phones, combined with the development of electric vehicles powered by lithium-ion batteries means that demand for lithium, which is already high, will soar. Strong investment in lithium collection and recycling infrastructure and technologies, combined with effective regulation, could result in much higher collection and recycling rates for lithium batteries. Financial incentives to encourage the produc- tion of more sustainable devices through responsible product design could facilitate their reduced demand. Extensive social and environmental impact assessments should also underpin new legislation on the procurement, waste and reuse of natural resources, including metals such as lithium. investment in public awareness-raising programmes about the environmental impacts of wasteful consumption of luxury items, including electronic goods, should also be prioritised. Lithium | 4PDF Image | Lithium Li
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Product and Development Focus for Infinity Turbine
ORC Waste Heat Turbine and ORC System Build Plans: All turbine plans are $10,000 each. This allows you to build a system and then consider licensing for production after you have completed and tested a unit.Redox Flow Battery Technology: With the advent of the new USA tax credits for producing and selling batteries ($35/kW) we are focussing on a simple flow battery using shipping containers as the modular electrolyte storage units with tax credits up to $140,000 per system. Our main focus is on the salt battery. This battery can be used for both thermal and electrical storage applications. We call it the Cogeneration Battery or Cogen Battery. One project is converting salt (brine) based water conditioners to simultaneously produce power. In addition, there are many opportunities to extract Lithium from brine (salt lakes, groundwater, and producer water).Salt water or brine are huge sources for lithium. Most of the worlds lithium is acquired from a brine source. It's even in seawater in a low concentration. Brine is also a byproduct of huge powerplants, which can now use that as an electrolyte and a huge flow battery (which allows storage at the source).We welcome any business and equipment inquiries, as well as licensing our turbines for manufacturing.CONTACT TEL: 608-238-6001 Email: greg@infinityturbine.com (Standard Web Page)