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Separations 2022, 9, 180 12 of 16 Membrane M5 This work PES/PEI/TMC [39] PES/PEI/TMC [49] PES/PEI/TMC [50] (PES-GO)/PEI/TMC [51] Membrane Operation Conditions Feed Solution 2.0 g·L−1 (salt solution), 20 2.0 g·L−1 (salt solution), 48 2.0 g·L−1 (salt solution), 84 3.0 g·L−1 (salt lake brine), 27 2.0 g·L−1 (salt solution), 20 2.0 g·L−1 (salt solution), 21.4 2.0 g·L−1 (salt solution), 30 Rejection Rate of Mg2+ and SF 98.4%, 48.07 93.7%, 12.78 92.4%, 10.86 88.9%, 12.79 94.8%, 20.00 96.9%, 7.13 Permeance (L·m−2·h−1·bar−1) 10.19 to 2.0 g·L−1 MgCl2 + LiCl 8.27 to 2.0 g·L−1 MgCl2 + LiCl 8.66 to 2.0 g·L−1 MgCl2 + LiCl 3.80 to 3.0g·L−1 salt lake brine 3.7 to 2.0 g·L−1 MgCl2 14 to pure water 4.17 to pure water solutions with a Mg2+/Li+ ratio of 48 and 81 are examined. It is found that at a Mg2+/Li+ ratio of 48, the SF of M5 membrane is 15.14 and the permeance is 8.60 L·m−2·h−1·bar−1; while at a Mg2+/Li+ ratio of 84, the SF is 10.77 and the permeance is 7.51 L·m−2·h−1·bar−1 (Figure 11). The SF of the M5 membrane decreases with the increase of the Mg2+/Li+ ratio, but the rejection of Mg2+ is always higher than 92.36%. In order to further investigate the separation performance of M5 membrane for Mg2+ and Li+ in complex solutions, the salt lake brine collected from CITIC Guoan was used in the separation experiments. The rejection of Mg2+ of M5 membrane is dropped to 88.94%, and the Mg2+/Li+ ratio of the permeate is 1.43, which may be related to the complex composition of salt lake brine. There may be other monovalent (e.g., Na+ and K+) and divalent cations, in addition to Mg2+ and Separations 2022, 9, x FOR PEER REVIEW 13 of 17 Li+. In spite of this, the M5 membrane still exhibits an excellent separation of Mg2+ and Li+ (SF = 12.79). Figure 11. Separation performance and permeance of the M5 membrane in salt solution with differ- Figure 11. Separation performance and permeance of the M5 membrane in salt solution with different ent2M+ g2++/Li+ ratios and salt lake brine solutions. Mg /Li ratios and salt lake brine solutions. Table 4 compares the separation performance of several reported NF membranes and Table 4 compares the separation performance of several reported NF membranes and 2+ 2+ M5 membranes prepared in this work. It was found that the rejection of Mg differs sub- M5 membranes prepared in this work. It was found that the rejection of Mg differs 2+ 2+ sutabnstiaanlltyiaallmyoamngoNngFNmFembemrabnreasn.eIms.pImorptaonrtlayn,ttlhy,ethMe5Mm5emebmrabnreansheoswhoswhsighiegrhMergMgre- rjejcetciotinonanadndpperemrmeaenanceceththaannooththeerrNFFmeembrranes..AcccorrdiingtoFigure 12, the permeance 22+ + + ((5..01–6..06),,Mg /LLiiraratitoiooofftthheeperrmeeaattee((0..73–1..43)),,andSF(10.28–16.69)changelliittlle d du ur riin ng g tth he e llo on ng gttiim me e fif illttrra attiio on n tte esstt. . A As s a a r re es su ul lt t,, t th he e M M5 5 m me em mb br ra an ne e h ha as s h hi ig gh h s st ta ab bi il li it ty y d du ur ri in ng g the fifillttrattiion processs.. Table 4. Comparison of separation performance of NF membranes in the literature and this work. 0.4 0.8 0.4 0.8 MPa, MPa, MPa, MPa, 20 25 20 25 ◦ C ◦ C ◦ C ◦ C no report, 12.15 95.6%, 5.80 2.0 g·L−1 (salt solution), 60 Figure 12◦ . Long-time sep−a1ration test (permeance, SF and Mg /Li ratio of permeate) of M5 mem- 2+ + 11.15 to 2.0 g·L−1 0.3 MPa, 25 C 2.0 g·L (salt solution), 20 95.1%, 16.13 MgCl2 + LiCl brane for salt lake brine obtained from CITIC Guoan. Table 4. Comparison of separation performance of NF membranes in the literature and this work. 3.40 to pure water Operation Feed Solution Conditions Rejection Rate of Permeance Mg2+ and SF (L·m−2·h−1·bar−1) 2.0 g⋅L−1 (salt solution), 20 98.4%, 48.07 10.19 to 2.0 g⋅L−1PDF Image | Nanofiltration Membrane Using Polydopamine Carbon Nitride
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