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Minerals 2021, 11, 1330 12 of 23 4.4.2. Experiment of Water–Rock Reactions with Variable Temperatures The experimental results of water–rock reactions with variable temperature are shown in Table 6. Table 6. The water–rock reaction experiment results with variable temperature. Samples Lithology Fluid/Solution T (◦C) Ion Concentration (mg/L) K Ca Mg Sr Li Br JLB1 Basalt JLB1 Basalt JLB1 Basalt JLB1 Basalt JLB1 Basalt JLB1 Basalt JLB1 Basalt JLB1 Basalt JLB1 Basalt JLB1 Basalt THS-1 Granite THS-1 Granite THS-1 Granite THS-1 Granite THS-1 Granite THS-1 Granite THS-1 Granite THS-1 Granite THS-1 Granite THS-1 Granite Distilled water 200 Distilled water 250 Distilled water 300 Distilled water 350 Distilled water 400 1 mol/L NaCl 200 1 mol/L NaCl 250 1 mol/L NaCl 300 1 mol/L NaCl 350 1 mol/L NaCl 400 Distilled water 200 Distilled water 250 Distilled water 300 Distilled water 350 Distilled water 400 1 mol/L NaCl 200 1 mol/L NaCl 250 1 mol/L NaCl 300 1 mol/L NaCl 350 2.423 6.424 4.172 3.455 2.344 30.517 54.629 40.015 31.343 24.114 0.579 1.572 0.559 0.656 2.631 10.643 19.490 12.472 11.186 8.705 5.1. Geochemical Characteristics 17.047 13.181 1.136 0.625 0.385 764.660 687.422 459.802 198.168 156.936 - 0.047 0.025 - 1.949 6.127 5.408 3.065 1.441 0.723 1.300 - 0.541 - 0.172 - 0.054 - 0.020 - 12.202 4.472 0.857 4.229 0.319 2.509 0.122 0.785 0.050 0.042 - - - - - - - - 0.023 - - 4.216 - 4.306 - 2.561 - 1.322 0.151 0.361 0.005 0.014 0.013 - 0.005 - 0.002 - 1mol/L NaCl 400 Note: - means below the detection limit. 0.042 0.131 0.152 - 0.091 - 0.035 - 0.044 0.087 0.043 0.055 - 0.077 - 0.764 0.626 0.781 3.525 - 3.373 - 0.184 0.197 0.676 0.640 0.115 0.142 0.179 0.761 0.613 0.580 5. Discussion The total Na+K content, namely the Na2O+K2O content, is medium and high (7.52~9.08). In the SiO2–(Na2O+K2O) diagram (Figure 5A), granite samples are plotted in the granite field, indicating that the magma around the Jianghan Basin has been differentiated to different degrees. In the SiO2–K2O diagram (Figure 5B), all the granite samples except the altered samples are plotted in the shoshonite series area, and all the other granite samples are plotted in the high-K calc-alkaline area. In A-CN-K compositional space, the aluminum saturation index ranges from 1.35 to 1.53, with an average of 1.45. All of the granites are strongly peraluminous. The AKI value of the over-alkaline index ranges from 0.70 to 0.83, with an average of 0.73, indicating that it is over-alkaline. According to previous studies, acidic and alkaline rocks are favorable for the accumulation of lithium [49]. Therefore, the granite on the periphery of the Jiangling Basin is favorable for the enrichment of lithium. Rb, Ba, and Zr are relatively enriched in the granites, showing the common characteristics of high-evolution granites in South China and indicating that the granites have undergone strong differentiation evolution.PDF Image | Origin of Lithium Potassium Rich Brines in the Jianghan
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