PDF Publication Title:
Text from PDF Page: 006
Membranes 2022, 12, 839 FTIR spectra of different PIMs are shown in Figure 5a, the absorption bands at around 1741 cm−1 and 1365 cm−1 are assigned to the stretching vibration of C=O and C-O bonds existing in the CTA polymer [37]. The bands located at 1224 cm−1 and 1022 cm−1 are attributed to the stretching vibration of P=O and P-O-C bonds existing in TBP [38]. The bands at around 896 cm−1 and 1452 cm−1 correspond to the stretching vibration of C-H and present in the FTIR spectra of CTA/P507-TBP membranes, indicating that the carrier (P507-TBP) was incorporated into the CTA matrix without chemical change. attributed to the stretching vibration of P=O and P-O-C bonds existing in TBP [38]. The Furthermore, EDX analysis of the CTA/P507-TBP60% membrane was carried out to bands at around 896 cm−1 and 1452 cm−1 correspond to the stretching vibration of C-H study the carrier distribution in the PIMs. As shown in Figure 5c, element mapping and P=O bonds existing in P507, respectively [39]. All of the above characteristic bands demonstrates that P is evenly distributed in the cross section of the membrane, while the P=O bonds existing in P507, respectively [39]. All of the above characteristic bands are successful preparation of PIMs. 6 of 13 are present in the FTIR spectra of CTA/P507-TBP membranes, indicating that the carrier P element exists only in P507-TBP, confirming the uniform distribution of the carrier and (P507-TBP) was incorporated into the CTA matrix without chemical change. Fiigurre5.. ((a)) FTIR spectra of CTA and tthe obttaiined PIIMs;; ((b,–c)c)eelelemmeennt tmmaapppininggoof fCCTTAA//P507--TBP 60% membrane. 60% membrane. 3.1.3F.uSurtrhfaecremHoryed,rEoDphXilaicniatylyAsinsaolyfstihseCTA/P507-TBP60%membranewascarriedout to study the carrier distribution in the PIMs. As shown in Figure 5c, element mapping Surface hydrophilicity considerably impacts the ion transport properties and stabil- demonstrates that P is evenly distributed in the cross section of the membrane, while the ity of PIMs. Here, water contact angles of the PIMs with different carrier contents were P element exists only in P507-TBP, confirming the uniform distribution of the carrier and measured to evaluate the surface hydrophobic/hydrophilic character. As shown in Figure successful preparation of PIMs. 6, all of the PIMs investigated in this study exhibit a hydrophilic character since the contact angle values are less than 90° [40], and the hydrophilicity of the PIM is strengthened with the increased content of P507-TBP. The water contact angle value of the PIM decreases 3.1.3. Surface Hydrophilicity Analysis Surface hydrophilicity considerably impacts the ion transport properties and stability from 82.4° to 23.5° when increasing the carrier content from 20 wt.% to 70 wt.%. The more of PIMs. Here, water contact angles of the PIMs with different carrier contents were hydrophilic surface is conductive to achieve higher ion transport flux because the interac- measured to evaluate the surface hydrophobic/hydrophilic character. As shown in Figure 6, tion between the target ions in solution and the carrier in the hydrophilic membrane is all of the PIMs investigated in this study exhibit a hydrophilic character since the contact easier, thereby facilitating the process of ion transport across the PIMs. However, the ex- angle values are less than 90◦ [40], and the hydrophilicity of the PIM is strengthened with treme hydrophilicity may promote the leakage of the carrier, resulting in poor stability of the increased content of P507-TBP. The water contact angle value of the PIM decreases the PIMs [21]. from 82.4◦ to 23.5◦ when increasing the carrier content from 20 wt.% to 70 wt.%. The more hydrophilic surface is conductive to achieve higher ion transport flux because the interaction between the target ions in solution and the carrier in the hydrophilic membrane is easier, thereby facilitating the process of ion transport across the PIMs. However, the extreme hydrophilicity may promote the leakage of the carrier, resulting in poor stability of the PIMs [21].PDF Image | P507 TBP Carriers for Lithium Extraction from Brines
PDF Search Title:
P507 TBP Carriers for Lithium Extraction from BrinesOriginal File Name Searched:
membranes-12-00839.pdfDIY PDF Search: Google It | Yahoo | Bing
Product and Development Focus for Infinity Turbine
ORC Waste Heat Turbine and ORC System Build Plans: All turbine plans are $10,000 each. This allows you to build a system and then consider licensing for production after you have completed and tested a unit.Redox Flow Battery Technology: With the advent of the new USA tax credits for producing and selling batteries ($35/kW) we are focussing on a simple flow battery using shipping containers as the modular electrolyte storage units with tax credits up to $140,000 per system. Our main focus is on the salt battery. This battery can be used for both thermal and electrical storage applications. We call it the Cogeneration Battery or Cogen Battery. One project is converting salt (brine) based water conditioners to simultaneously produce power. In addition, there are many opportunities to extract Lithium from brine (salt lakes, groundwater, and producer water).Salt water or brine are huge sources for lithium. Most of the worlds lithium is acquired from a brine source. It's even in seawater in a low concentration. Brine is also a byproduct of huge powerplants, which can now use that as an electrolyte and a huge flow battery (which allows storage at the source).We welcome any business and equipment inquiries, as well as licensing our turbines for manufacturing.CONTACT TEL: 608-238-6001 Email: greg@infinityturbine.com (Standard Web Page)