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Membranes 2022, 12, 839 10 of 13 Membranes PIM: PVC/c-TBP-50% PIM: CTA/TBP- [C4mim] [NTf2] 40% PIM: CTA + TTA + TOPO Membranes SLM: PVDF/TBP- [C4mim] [NTf2] PIM: PVC/c-TBP-50% SLM: TBP + FeCl3 sys- 0.15 mol/L LiCl + 2.06 mol/L MgCl2 PIM: CTA/TBP-[C4mim] 7.2 mmol/L LiCl + 2.06 mmol/L Li/Mg: 2.2 [34] tem + 0.20 mol/L FeCl3 reported in the literature. However, it can be seen that the permeability of PIM is poor compared to the supported liquid membrane, which may be due to the restricted mobility of the extraction carrier in the PIM membrane and the different carriers used in these membranes. Figure 10. The results of the long-term transport experiment: (a) the concentrations of+Li+ and M2+g2+ Figure 10. The results of the long-term transport experiment: (a) the concentrations of Li and Mg in the receiving solution; (b) the kinetics plots of ln(Cf,t/Cf,0) vs. time; membrane: CTA/P507- in the receiving solution; (b) the kinetics plots of ln(Cf,t/Cf,0) vs. time; membrane: CTA/P507-TBP60%; TBP60%; feed solution: 0.1 mol/L of LiCl, 4.0 mol/L of MgCl2 and 0.13 mol/L of FeCl3; test time: 240 feed solution: 0.1 mol/L of LiCl, 4.0 mol/L of MgCl2 and 0.13 mol/L of FeCl3; test time: 240 h; n = 5. h; n = 5. In addition, the separation performance comparison of different liquid membranes Table 2. Comparison of separation performance of different liquid membranes for L+i+ extraction. is shown in Table 2. The CTA/P507-TBP60% membrane exhibits higher Li selectivity than most other membranes, and the permeability is comparable to other PIM membranes reported in the literature. However, it can beRseceonvtehraytPtheercpeenrtmageeabiSlietpyaorfaPtiIoMn Fisapc-oor Feed Solution J0, (mol·m−2·h−1) Refs compared to the supported liquid membrane, which ma(y%b)e due to the restricttoerd mobility of the extraction carrier in the +PIM memb−4rane and the different carriers used in these 0.2 mol/L LiCl + 3.0 mol/L MgCl2 Li : 8.12 × 10 25 Li+: 3.2 × 10−3 19 + Table 2. Comparison of separation performance of different liquid membranes for Li extraction. [33] [34] [31] [17] [46] [46] This wor This wor Li+: 3.86 × 10−3 47 In this work, CTA-based PIMs containing P507 and TBP as extraction carriers were 4. Conclusions + elaborated to recover Li from brines with a high Mg/Li mole ratio. The compatibility be- membranes. Li/Mg: 176 Li/Mg: 2.2 7.2 mmol/L LiCl + 2.06 mmol/L MgCl2 2.9 mmol/L LiCl + 0.87 mmol/L NaCl + 0.51 mmol/L KCl Feed Solution 12.83 mmol/L LiCl + 5.17 mmol/L MgCl2 Li+: 5.79 × 10−3 Recovery 88 + -- −3 48 Li : 3.2 × 10 19 Li/Na: 54.3 Li/K: 50.6 Separation Factor Refs Li/Mg: ~ 1.6 0.2 mol/L LiCl + 3.0 mol/L Li/Mg: 176 [33] Li/Mg: ~ 14.5 MgCl 2 −1 −2 Li+: 50.7 × 10−3 (%) 46 ·h Li+: 8.12 × 10−4 25 J0, (mol·m ) Percentage [NTf2] 40% MgCl2 2.9 mmol/L LiCl + 0.87 mmol/L - SLM: TBP + ClO4 sys- 0.15 mol/L LiClO4 + 2.06 mol/L + −3 Li :5.79×10 88 Li/Na: 54.3 Li/K: 50.6Li/Mg: ~ 8.2 PIM:CTA+TTA+TOPO NaCl + 0.51 mmol/L KCl -- 41 [31] Li/Mg: ~1.6 [17] tem MgCl2 SLM: PVDF/TBP-[C4mim] 12.83 mmol/L LiCl + Li+: 50.7 × 10−3 46 Li+: 4.76 × 10−3 55 [NTf ] 22 PIM: CTA/P507- 0.1 mol/L LiCl + 4.0 mol/L MgCl2 + Li/Mg: 10.2 SLM:TBP+FeCl system TBP60% 3 0.13 mol/L FeCl3 – 48 – 41 PIMT:BCPT6A0/%P507-TBP60% PIM: CTA/P507-TBP60% 0.1 mol/L LiCl + 4.0 mol/L Li+: 4.76 × 10−3 55 This work 5.17 mmol/L MgCl 0.15 mol/L LiCl + 2.06 mol/L Li/Mg: ~14.5 [46] Li/Na: 13.2 MgCl2 + 0.20 mol/L FeCl3 0.15mol/LLiClO +2.06mol/L - 0.1 mol/L LiCl + 2.04 mol/L NaCl + SLM: TBP + ClO4 system PIM: CTA/P507- MgCl2 Li/Mg: ~8.2 Li/Mg: 10.2 [46] Li/K: 32.0 0.5 mol/L KCl + 1.0 mol/L MgCl2 + Li+: 3.86 × 10−3 47 MgCl +0.13mol/LFeCl 23 0.13 mol/L FeCl3 Li/Mg: 21.8 0.1 mol/L LiCl + 2.0 mol/L NaCl Li/Na: 13.2 Li/K: 32.0 This work + 0.5 mol/L KCl + 1.0 mol/L MgCl +0.13mol/LFeCl 4. Co2nclusions 3 Li/Mg:21.8 tweenICn TthAisawndorPk,5C07T-AT-BbPasiesdgoPoIMd,sacnodntahieniPnIgMPs50ca7nanbde eTaBsPilyasseyxnttrhaectsioznedcabryriethrsewcaesrteing + meeltahbodra.tTehdetoPIrMecsovcaenr Lbie ufsroedmfborinliethsiwumithaandhimghagMnge/siLuimsoelpearraatitoio.nTihneacobmropaadtirbainligtye of between CTA and P507-TBP +is good, and the PIMs can be easily synthesized by the Mg/Li mole ratios, and the Li is easily stripped from the PIM to the receiving solution casting method. The PIMs can be used for lithium and magnesium separation in a broad using water. When the feed solution was synthetic brines, the CTA/P507-TBP60% mem- range of Mg/Li mole ratios+, and the Li+ is easily stripped from the PIM to the receiving brane exhibited excellent Li selectivity (Li/Na = 13.2, Li/K = 32, Li/Mg = 21.8). The P507- solution using water. When the feed solution was synthetic brines, the CTA/P507-TBP60% TBP extraction system without involving concentrated hydrochloric acid eluents could membrane exhibited excellent Li+ selectivity (Li/Na = 13.2, Li/K = 32, Li/Mg = 21.8). The P507-TBP extraction system without involving concentrated hydrochloric acid eluents k kPDF Image | P507 TBP Carriers for Lithium Extraction from Brines
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