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METHOD FORQUICKLYEXTRACTING LITHIUM CARBONATE FROM SALINE LAKE WATER CROSS-REFERENCE TORELATED APPLICATION(S) lithiumcarbonatesreachoversaturationandprecipitateas thesolubilityoflithium carbonateinbrineisdecreasedwith increasingtemperature.Then,upon furtherchemicalpro cesing,theindustrialgradeoflithiumcarbonateisobtained. 5 Althoughthisprocesstakesadvantageofthesuperiorityof plateausolarenergyandcoldenergy,itsproductioncycleis theirentirety. 15 ofthegeomembraneanditadverselyaffectstheproductivity andeconomicbenefits. US 9,932,241B2 tolong(thebrineevaporationstagetakes4to6months,the ThisaplicationisadivisionalofU.S.patentaplication crystalizationstagetakes2to4months),leadingtoonly Ser.No.14/896.148,filedonDec.4.2015.whichisa oneharvestayear,andtheproductioneficiencyisverylow, nationalphaseaplicationofInternationalPatentAplica-10leadingtolitlebenefit.Moreover,theconstructionofthe tionNo.PCT/CN2014/080224.filedonJun.18,2014. solarpondrequireslotsofcostsandmaterials,thegeomem whichclaimsthebenefitofChineseAplicationNo. braneforheatpreservationlayingatthebotomofthepond CN201310247499.1,filedonJun.20,2013.Thecontentsof iscostlydespitehavingporleakageresistance.Therefore, theseaplicationsareherebyincorporatedbyreferencein asignificantlosofbrineresultsfromtheleakageproblem FIELD OF THE INVENTION Theconstituentofbrineisverycomplex,havinglow contentoflithium ascomparedtothatofsodium and Thepresentinventionrelatestoamethodandasystemfor potasium.Therefore,itisnecessarytoconcentratethe extractinglithium carbonatefrom asalinelake,specificaly 20 lithiumbeforeextractionsoastoimprovethegradeofthe itrelatestoamethodandasystemforquicklyextracting lithiumsalt.Thesolubilityoflithiumcarbonateinwater lithium carbonatefrom salinelakewater. decreaseswithtemperatureincrease.Thisisreferredtoasan inversesolubilityproperty.Experimentindicatesthatthe BACKGROUNDOFTHEINVENTION solubilityoflithium carbonateinbrinehasasimilarprop 25 erty,while sodium saltandpotasium salthaveapositive Thesalinelakecontainsmanymineralsaltsandisan solubilityproperty.Therefore,thefrezingmethodcanbe importantsourceofmineralsalts.However,large-scale usedtoprecipitatealargeamountofsodiumsaltand exploitationofsalinelakeisdificultbecausethecontentof potassiumsaltatlowtemperature,causingthepreliminary mineralsaltsinthesalinelakeisgeneralylow.Themain enrichmentoflithiuminbrine,thendirectlyheatthelithium mining technologies of recentyears are evaporation of saline 30 rich brine to achieve the purpose of extracting high -grade lakewaterinthesuntoobtainsalt,depositminingandthe lithiumcarbonate.Therelationalexperimentsshowthat like,inwhichevaporationofsalinelakewaterinthesunis sodiumsaltandpotasiumsaltmayprecipitateoutmore themostenvironment-friendlyexploitationmethod.Further quicklybyquick-freezingthanbygeneral-freezing.There developmentisseriouslyrestrictedbecauseofitslowefi fore,ahigherenrichmenteficiencyoflithiumcanbe ciency.Therefore,amethodwhich canimprovetheefi-35achievedbyusingquick-freezing.Iftheconcentrationof ciencyoftheevaporationcrystalizationwilhaveimportant lithiumcarbonateinbrinehasnotreachedsaturationcon strategicvalue. centration at a certain temperature,then even if the tem Lithiumisametalicelementhavingthelowestatomic peratureofthebrineishigher,thelithiumcarbonatewilnot weight.Itposesesspecialpropertiessuchasthemost crystalize.Asaresult,itwilhavetobekeptwarmlonger negativepotential,thegreatestelectrochemicalequivalent,40 toalow thelithium saltreachsaturationconcentrationand highspecificheat,highconductivity,andstrongchemical precipitateout.Inordertoshortentheholdingtimeand reactivityetc.Itisanidealmetalicmaterialformanufac- aceleratetheenrichmentoflithiuminbrine,areduced turingdisposablebateries,rechargeablepowerbateries, pressureevaporationcanbeused. andstructuralmaterialforaerospaceetc.Thus,itishonored Reduced-presure evaporation isan eficientway for lithiumionsinthesalinelakebrine,undergroundbrineand andthegasphaseisbalanced.Whenthesystempresure seawater.Thesalinelakelithiumresourcereservesaccount decreases,i.e.,afterthegasphaseonthesurfaceoftheliquid formorethan69%oftheworldindustriallithiumreserves,50isremoved,theequilibriumbetwenthegasphaseandthe whilethesalinelakelithiumresourcereservesofChina liquidphaseisbroken.Then,thewaterorvolatilesolutein accountfor85%oftheindustriallithiumreserves.Extract theliquidphasetendstoevaporatetosupplementthegas inglithiumfromsalinelakebrinepossessesfeaturessuchas phasesoastomaintainthegas-liquidequilibrium.Thereby simpletechnology,lowenergyconsumption,andlowcost. theboilingpointofthesolutiondecreases.Theliquidphase Ithasgraduallysubstitutedtheproductionoflithium from 5willkeepboilingandevaporatingiftheevaporatedgasis lithiumore.Presently,therearemanywaystoextractlithium continuouslyremoved,andthesolutewilgetcontinuously fromsalinelake,forexample,ionexchange,adsorption, concentrated.Whenthesoluteconcentrationreachesthe carbonization,precipitation,andextraction.However,these saturationconcentrationofthistemperature,thesolutewill methodsareimmature,costly,orcannotmeettheenviron- crystalize. mentalrequirements,thus,makingitdificulttorealize60 Manydevicesandmethodshavebeenreportedfor industrialproduction. extractingLiCO2from salinelakebrinebothathomeand Thecurentindustrialproductionoflithiumsaltfrom abroad,forexample,"AdsorptionTechniquesandProgres salinelakeinthecountrymostlyemployssalt-panproces, ontheExtractionofLithiumfromSaltLakeBrines”(Jour includingenrichingthelithiumbybrineevaporationinthe nalofSaltandChemicalIndustry,vol.36(3),207),“Prepa dryingbed inthewinter,then pouring thelithium -richbrine 65 rationofLithium Carbonate from Brinesby SolventExtrac intoasolarpondforheatacumulationandretentionuntil tion”(JournalofSaltlakeResearch,vol.14(2),206), thetemperaturereachesbetwen30°C.and50°C.More “ProgresesontheProcesandTechniqueofLithium astheenergymetalinthe21stcentury. 45 increasingevaporationrate.Withregardtoawater-contain Innature,lithiumexistsmainlyintheformofpegmatite ingsolutionoravolatilesolvent-containingsolutionina suchasspodumene,lepidoliteetc.,andintheformof sealedcontainer,theequilibriumbetweentheliquidphasePDF Image | Patent EXTRACTING LITHIUM CARBONATE FROM SALINE LAKE WATER
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