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11 EP 2 591 130 B1 12 [Example 2] [0085] While altering the pH, magnesium hydroxide was precipitated from the brine containing magnesium ions20,000ppm, boron ions 900ppm, calcium ions 350ppm, and lithium ions900ppm. Subsequently, a filtra- tion was performed to separate the precipitated magne- sium hydroxide from the brine. The filtrate was collected to measure the amount of magnesium, boron and lithium. The results are shown in FIGs.2, 3, and 4, respectively. [0086] As shown in FIG. 2, an increase in the amount of NaOH added had no significant impact on the pH of the brine in the beginning, because OH- ion was used for the production of magnesium hydroxide. However, a con- tinuous increase in the amount of NaOH gradually de- creased the magnesium amount in the filtrate, and as the OH- ion increased, the amount of magnesium decreased- to 4ppm once the pH of the brine reached 9.8. This indi- catedthat 99.8% of the magnesium ions dissolved in the brine wereextracted. [0087] Inaddition, as shown in FIG. 3, the amount of boron ions dissolved in the brine initially decreased as the amount of NaOH added increased. This may be ex- plained by the fact that the pH change could be insignif- icantly affected by the addition of NaOH in the beginning, and the surface charge of the magnesium hydroxide pre- cipitated from the brine having a pH value of 10.5 or lower had a positive charge. Thus, the negatively charged bo- ron ions present in the filtrate were precipitated while adsorbed on the surface of the magnesium hydroxide. [0088] As seen in FIG. 4, the amount of lithum ions present in the filtrate were initially not influenced by the addedamount of NaOH. This could be explained by the fact that the positively charged lithium ionsexisting in the lithium bearing solution were not absorbed inthe magne- sium hydroxide because the surface charge of magne- sium hydroxide had a positive charge in the beginning. If an excessive amount of NaOH was added, however, the pH of the brine surpassed 10.5. Then,the surface charge of the magnesium hydroxide was converted to a negative charge and the negatively charged boron ions werenot absorbed to the surface. Consequently, the con- centration of boron ionsexisting in the filtrate dramatically increased. On the contrary, the concentration of positive- ly charged lithium ions existing in the filtrate rapidly de- creased as the lithium ions were absorbed to the surface of the magnesium hydroxide. [0089] Accordingly, these results indicate that the add- ed amount of NaOHmust be controlled to maintain the pH of the brine to be between 8.5 and 10.5 in order to extract magnesium and boron simultaneously, while min- imizing the loss of lithium from the brine. [Example 3] [0090] NaOH wasadded to the brine containing mag- nesium ions 20,000ppm, boron ions900ppm, calcium ions 350ppm, and lithium ions 900ppm to precipitate cal- cium hydroxide from the solution containing calcium ions. Subsequently, a filtration was performed to separate the precipitated calcium hydroxide from the brine. The re- sulting filtrate was collectedto measure the amount of calcium. The result is shown in FIG. 5. [0091] As shown in FIG. 5, as the added amount of NaOH increased, the amount of calcium in the filtrate gradually decreased. When the pH of the brine reached 12, the amount of calcium was reduced to be 6.5ppm, and 98% of the calcium ions dissolved in the brine was extracted. Accordingly, it is preferable to increase the pH of the lithium bearing solution to be at least 12 in order to enhance the extract yield of the calcium ions from the brine. [0092] However, when the pH of the brine was prema- turely adjusted to be at least 12 in the beginning, the surface charge of the precipitated magnesium hydroxide had a negative charge. This prevented the absorbance of the boron ions and caused the loss of lithium due to the absorbance of positively charged lithium ions. Prior to extracting calcium by adding NaOH, the pH of the brine was adjusted to be between 8.5 and 10.5 so that the magnesium hydroxide having a positive charge was pre- cipitated to prevent the absorbance of the lithium ions. Once the boron ions were absorbed, the simultaneous extraction of magnesium and boron was performed. Then, the pH of the remaining filtrate from which mag- nesium and boron were extracted wasadjusted to be at least 12 to precipitate the calcium hydroxide from calci- um. [Example 4] [0093] The impurities, including magnesium, calcium and boron, were removed from the brine, and 7.217g/L of sodium phosphate was added to the remaining filtrate dissolved with the concentration of lithium ions being 0.917g/L. The filtrate was maintained to be reacted for 15 to 60 minutes, while elevating the temperature to 90°C. [0094] Once the reaction was completed, the precipi- tated lithium phosphate was separated by filtering, and the remaining filtrate was collected to measure the con- centration of lithium. The result is shown in FIG. 6. [0095] As shown in FIG. 6, the concentration of lithium in the filtrate initially decreased dramatically when sodi- um phosphate was added to the brine. After the reaction time passed 15 minutes, the concentration of lithium in the filtrate came to be below 50 mg/ L. This indicated that more than 95% of lithium dissolved in the brine was pre- cipitated and separated as lithium phosphate. [0096] Since the solubility of lithium phosphate is ap- proximately 0.39g/L, which is much lower than the solu- bility of lithium carbonate, adding a material including phosphorous, such as sodium phosphate, in the brine precipitated lithium phosphate in the form of solid from a small amount of lithium dissolved in the brine. In addition, as can be seen in FIG. 7, if the calcining temperature 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 7PDF Image | Patent Lithium European Patent Spec
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Product and Development Focus for Infinity Turbine
ORC Waste Heat Turbine and ORC System Build Plans: All turbine plans are $10,000 each. This allows you to build a system and then consider licensing for production after you have completed and tested a unit.Redox Flow Battery Technology: With the advent of the new USA tax credits for producing and selling batteries ($35/kW) we are focussing on a simple flow battery using shipping containers as the modular electrolyte storage units with tax credits up to $140,000 per system. Our main focus is on the salt battery. This battery can be used for both thermal and electrical storage applications. We call it the Cogeneration Battery or Cogen Battery. One project is converting salt (brine) based water conditioners to simultaneously produce power. In addition, there are many opportunities to extract Lithium from brine (salt lakes, groundwater, and producer water).Salt water or brine are huge sources for lithium. Most of the worlds lithium is acquired from a brine source. It's even in seawater in a low concentration. Brine is also a byproduct of huge powerplants, which can now use that as an electrolyte and a huge flow battery (which allows storage at the source).We welcome any business and equipment inquiries, as well as licensing our turbines for manufacturing.| CONTACT TEL: 608-238-6001 Email: greg@infinityturbine.com | RSS | AMP |