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13 14 US 10,695,694B2 abeadwithanaveragediameterlesthanabout10um,les haveasecondcoatingthatisidentical,similar,ordiferent thanabout1mm,lesthan1cm,lesthan2cm,lesthan incompositiontothefirstcoating. 3cm,lesthan4cm,lesthan5cm,lesthan6cm,lesthan Insomeembodiments,thecoatingmaterialhasathick 7cm,lesthan8cm,lesthan9cm,orlesthanabout10 nesoflesthan1nm,lesthan10nm,lesthan10nm, cm.Insomeembodiments,thestructuralsuportisamem 5lesthan1,0nm,lesthan10,0nm,morethan1nm, branewithanaveragethickneslesthanabout10um,les morethan10nm,morethan10nm,morethan1,0nm, thanabout10um,lesthanabout1cm,lesthanabout10 morethan10,0nm,fromabout1nmtoabout10,0nm, cm,morethan1um,morethan10um,morethan10um, fromabout10nm,toabout1,0nm,orfromabout10to morethan1cm,fromabout1umtoabout10um,orfrom about1,0nm.Insomeembodiments,thecoatingmaterial about1cm toabout10cm. 10hasathicknesoflesthan5nm,lesthan10nm,lesthan CoatedIonExchangeParticlesinPorousStructure 50nm,lesthan10nm,lesthan500nm,morethan1nm, Insomeembodimentsarecoatedionexchangeparticles morethan5nm,morethan10nm,morethan50nm,more whichareacomponentofaporousstructure,whereinthe than100nm,fromabout1nmtoabout500nm,fromabout 1nm toabout10nm,from about1nm toabout50nm, coatedionexchangeparticlescompriseionexchangemate-15fromabout1nmtoabout10nm,fromabout1nmtoabout rialandcoatingmaterial. Coating Material of Coated Ion Exchange Particles in PorousStructure 5nm,orfrom about5nm toabout100nm. 9 Insomeembodiments,thecoatingmaterialisdeposited byamethodsuchaschemicalvapordeposition,atomiclayer Insomeembodiments,thecoatingmaterialpreventsthe deposition,physicalvapordeposition,hydrothermal,solvo disolutionoftheion exchangematerial.Insomeembodi- 20 thermal,sol-gel,solidstate,moltensaltflux,ionexchange, ments,thecoatingmaterialprotectstheionexchangemate microwave,chemicalprecipitation,co-precipitation,bal rialfromdisolutionanddegradationduringlithiumelution miling,pyrolysis,orcombinationsthereof.Insome inacid,duringlithiumuptakefromaliquidresource,and embodiments,thecoatingmaterialisdepositedbyamethod duringotherembodimentsofanionexchangeproces.In suchaschemicalvapordeposition,hydrothermal,solvother someembodiments,thecoatingmaterialenablestheuseof25mal,sol-gel,precipitation,microwavesol-gel,chemical concentratedacidsintheionexchangeprocesto:(1)yield precipitation,orcombinationsthereof.Insomeembodi concentratedlithiumionsolutions;(2)shifttheequilibrium ments,thecoatingmaterialsaredepositedinareactorthat suchthatlithiumionsmovefromtheionexchangematerial; isabatchtankreactor,acontinuoustankreactor,abatch and(3)maximizeionexchangecapacityoftheionexchange furnace,acontinuousfurnace,atubefurnace,arotarytube material. 30 furnace,orcombinationsthereof. Insomeembodiments,thecoatingmaterialalowsdifu Insomeembodiments,thecoatingmaterialisdepositedin siontoandfromtheionexchangematerial.Insomeembodi areactorbysuspendingtheionexchangematerialina ments,thecoatingmaterialfacilitatesdifusionoflithium solventwithreagentsthatisadedalatonceoradedover ionsandhydrogenionsbetwenthecoatedionexchange time.Insomeembodiments,thereagentsareadedina particlesandvariousliquidresources.Insomeembodi-35specifictimeseriestocontrolreactionratesandcoating ments,thecoatingmaterialenablestheadherenceofcoated depositions.Insomeembodiments,thesolventisaqueousor ionexchangeparticlestothestructuralsuportandsup non-aqueous.Insomeembodiments,thesolventisanalco presesstructuralandmechanicaldegradationofthecoated holsuchasethanol,propanol,butanol,pentanol,hexanol, ionexchangeparticles. septanol,oroctanol.Insomeembodiments,thereagents Insomeembodiments,thecoatingmaterialcomprisesa40 includemetalchlorides,metal oxides,metalalkoxides, carbide,anitride,anoxide,aphosphate,afluoride,a metaloxychlorides,metaloidoxides,metaloidalkoxides, polymer,carbon,acarbonaceousmaterial,orcombinations metaloidchlorides,metaloidoxychlorides,orcombina thereof.Insomeembodiments,thecoatingmaterialcom tionsthereof.Insomeembodiments,thereagentsinclude prisesNb05,Ta2O3,M002,TiO2,ZrO2,M002,SnO2, monomers,oligomers,polymers,gels,orcombinations SiO2,Li20,LizTiO3,LiZrOz,LizM003,LiNbO3,LiTaO3,45thereof.Insomeembodiments,thereagentsincludewater, Li2SiO3,Li,Si205,LizMnOz,ZrSi04,AIPO4,LaPO4, oxidants,reductants,acids,bases,orcombinationsthereof. ZrP,0,MOP,O,MoP,012,BaSO4,AlF3,Sic,Tic,Zrc, Insomeembodiments,thereagentsbeadedinthepresence SizN4,ZrN,BN,carbon,graphiticcarbon,amorphouscar ofcatalystssuchasacids,bases,orcombinationsthereof.In bon,hardcarbon,diamond-likecarbon,solidsolutions someembodiments,thereagentsareadedduringatime thereof,orcombinationsthereof.Insomeembodiments,the50periodoflesthanabout1minute,lesthanabout1hour, coatingmaterialcomprisespolyvinylidenedifluoride,poly lesthanabout1day,lesthanabout1week,morethan1 vinylchloride,afluoro-polymer,achloro-polymer,ora minute,morethan1hour,morethan1day,fromabout1 fluoro-chloro-polymer.Insomeembodiments,thecoating minutetoabout60minutes,fromabout1hourtoabout24 materialcomprisesTiO2,ZrO2,SiO2M002,LiTiO3, hours,orfromabout1daytoabout7days.Insome Li,ZrOz,LizMnO3,ZrSiO4,orLiNbO3,A1F3,Sic,SizN4,5embodiments,thereagentsaredripedintothereactor graphiticcarbon,amorphouscarbon,diamond-likecarbon, continuouslyoratintervals.Insomeembodiments,multiple orcombinationsthereof.Insomeembodiments,thecoating reagentsareadedtothereactoratdiferentrates.Insome materialcomprisesTiO2,SiO2,orZrO2.Insomeembodi embodiments,somereagentsarecombinedseparatelyand ments,thecoatingmaterialcomprisesTiO2.Insome reactedtoformagelorpolymerpriortoaditiontothe embodiments,thecoatingmaterialcomprisesSiO2.Insome60reactor. embodiments,thecoatingmaterialcomprisesZroz. Insomeembodiments,thefreshlycoatedionexchange Insomeembodiments,thecoatingcoatsprimaryion materialisheatedtooneormoretemperaturestoage,dry, exchangeparticlesorsecondaryionexchangeparticles.In react,orcrystalizethecoating.Insomeembodiments,the someembodiments,thecoatingcoatsboththeprimaryion freshlycoatedionexchangematerialisheatedtoatempera exchangeparticlesandthesecondaryionexchangeparticles.65tureoflesthanabout10°C.,lesthanabout20°C.,les Insomeembodiments,theprimaryionexchangeparticles thanabout300°C.,lesthanabout400°C.,lesthanabout haveafirstcoatingandthesecondaryionexchangeparticles 50°C.,lesthanabout600°C.,lesthanabout70°C.,orPDF Image | Patent Lithium Extraction with coated ion exchange particles
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ORC Waste Heat Turbine and ORC System Build Plans: All turbine plans are $10,000 each. This allows you to build a system and then consider licensing for production after you have completed and tested a unit.Redox Flow Battery Technology: With the advent of the new USA tax credits for producing and selling batteries ($35/kW) we are focussing on a simple flow battery using shipping containers as the modular electrolyte storage units with tax credits up to $140,000 per system. Our main focus is on the salt battery. This battery can be used for both thermal and electrical storage applications. We call it the Cogeneration Battery or Cogen Battery. One project is converting salt (brine) based water conditioners to simultaneously produce power. In addition, there are many opportunities to extract Lithium from brine (salt lakes, groundwater, and producer water).Salt water or brine are huge sources for lithium. Most of the worlds lithium is acquired from a brine source. It's even in seawater in a low concentration. Brine is also a byproduct of huge powerplants, which can now use that as an electrolyte and a huge flow battery (which allows storage at the source).We welcome any business and equipment inquiries, as well as licensing our turbines for manufacturing.| CONTACT TEL: 608-238-6001 Email: greg@infinityturbine.com | RSS | AMP |