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US2019/0048483A1 Feb.14,2019 BRIEFDESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES procesreferedtoasdecrepitation).Thisallowsthelithium presentintheoretobedisplacedbysodium.Theresulting spodumene concentrate is cooled and milled into a fine powder before being mixed with sulfuric acid and roasted again.Athickener-filtersystem thenseparateswastefrom theconcentratedliquor,whileprecipitationremovesmag nesium andcalcium from thissolution.Finally,sodaashis added and lithium carbonate is crystallized,heated,filtered anddriedas99percentpurelithium carbonate. [0041] Lithiumcanbeextractedfromspodumeneconcen trates after roasting and acid roasting operations. A concen tratewithatleast6%Li20(approximately75%spodumene) issuitableforroasting.Roastingisperformedatabout1050° C.,duringwhich spodumenewillgothroughaphasetrans formationfrom a-spodumenetoB-spodumene.Thea-spo dumeneisvirtualyrefractorytohotacids.Asaresultofthe phase transformation,the spodumene crystalstructure expandsbyabout30%andbecomesamenabletohotsul [030] FIG.1isaflowdiagram showingtheprocesfor producinglithiumacordingtoanembodimentofthepres entdisclosure. [0031] FIG.2isaperspectiveviewofafirstembodiment ofalithiumproducingcelstructureusedtoproducelithium in the process of FIG . 1. [032] FIG.3isanelevationviewofthelithiumproduc ingcelofFIG.2. [03] FIG.4isasectionviewtakenalongA-AofFIG.3. [034] FIG.5isaperspectiveviewofalithiumproducing cel according to a second embodiment of the present disclosure. [035] FIG.6isanexplodedviewofthelithiumproduc ingcelofFIG.5. DETAILEDDESCRIPTION centrationsofdisolvedsalts,suchaslithium,potasium, andsodium.Thelithium-richwaterispumpedtothesurface ocursoveranumberofmonths.Inthefirststageof backintothereservoir. 3 [0036]Thepresentdisclosuregeneralyrelatestoproduc furicacidatack.Duetothisexpansion,thespecificgravity inglithium directlyfrom alithium fedsolutionselected fromthegroupconsistingoflithiumchloridebrine,lithium sulfatespodumeneliquor,lithiumhydroxide,andacombi thematerialiscoledandthenmixedwithsulfuricacid (95-97%).Themixtureisroastedagainatabout200°C.An relatestocontinuousprocesesforobtaininglithiummetal. exothermicreactionstartsat170°C.andlithiumisextracted nation thereof.Aditionaly thepresentdisclosurealso from B-spodumene to form lithium sulfate,which is soluble pumpingofbrinefromthegroundorminingspodumene, inwater. petaliteorlepidoliteorefromtheearth.Salarbrinescanbe 10042) Accordingtocertainnon-limitingembodiments, describedasundergroundreservoirsthatcontainhighcon thislithiumsulfatesolutionaftertheroastingoperationsis [0037] Lithium can be extracted from the earth by either usedasfedstockforproducinglithium.Thelithium sulfate solution could be pumped directly from or provided from a intoaseriesofevaporationpondswheresolarevaporation reservoir,throughtheelectrolysiscel,andthenreturned evaporation,salts of sodium ,potassium ,magnesium , etc., canbeharvestedfromthebrineasbyproducts.Lithium endproductofboththebrineandoreprocessesistypically concentrationreachedinthisfirststageisraisedto1.5% lithiumcarbonate.Lithiumcarbonateisastablewhitepow lithiumintheevaporationpond.Thebrineisthentrans der,whichisakeyintermediaryinthelithiummarket ported to a secondary evaporation pond where lithium concentration is raised further to approximately 4-6% lithium.Potassium isoftenfirstharvestedfrom earlyponds, whilelaterpondshaveincreasinglyhighconcentrationsof thepresentdisclosureprovidesdirectlyprocessingalithium lithium. (0038] Inconventionallithiumproducingprocesses,when fedsolutiontothecelintolithiummetalpriortoprocess ingintolithiumcarbonate.Suitablelithiumfedsolutionsto thecelincludebutarenotlimitedtoconcentratedlithium chloridebrinefrom salarponds,sulfuricacidliquorfrom ore operations,andacombinationthereof.Lithium containing solutionsobtainedfrom spodumeneorclayusingalkaline, thelithium chlorideintheevaporationpondsreachesan optimum concentration,thesolutionispumpedtoarecovery plant where extraction and filtering remove any unwanted boronormagnesium.Thelithium chloridesolutionisthen treatedwithsodiumcarbonate(sodaash),therebyprecipi chlorination,orotherleachingoperationsmay alsobe tatinglithium carbonate.The lithium carbonate isfiltered, dried and ready for delivery. Excess residual brines are pumped back into thesalar. acceptable fed stock.Accordingto certain non-limiting embodiments, these lithium -containing solutions have a concentration of 1-18 % lithium .According to certain non limitingembodiments,theselithium-containing solutions (0039) Accordingtocertainnon-limitingembodiments, theprocesforproducinglithiumusesthelithiumchloride haveaconcentrationof1.5-18%lithium.Accordingto solutionbeforeboronandmagnesium extraction,filtering, orbeforeitistreatedwithsodaashandconvertedinto solutionshaveaconcentrationof16-18%lithium.Accord lithiumcarbonate.Thelithiumchloridesolutionacording ingtocertainnon-limitingembodiments,lithiumcontaining toanembodimentcouldbepumpeddirectlyfromthe solutionsobtainedfromconcentratingseawater,seawater,or evaporatingpondorevaporationproces,throughtheelec bitternsmayalsobeacceptableandresultingfeedhavea concentration of 1-18% lithium .According to certain non limitingembodiments,lithiumcontainingsolutionsobtained [0040]Conventionalmethodsofextractionoflithium byleachingoflithiumfromrecycledlithiumbaterieswould fromspodumeneandothermineralsrequireanumberof alsomakeacceptablefeedstockandhavealithiumconcen hydrometalurgicalsteps.Forexample,theoreisfirst trationof1-18%lithium.Incertainnon-limitingembodi crushedandheatedinarotarycalciningkilninorderto ments,lithiumcarbonatemaynotbepresentinthelithium convertthelithiumcrystalphasefromalphatobeta(a fedsolutionacordingtothepresentdisclosure. trolysiscel,andreturnedbackintotheevaporatingpondor process. ofthespodumenedecreasesfrom3.1g/cm (naturala-spo dumene)toaround2.4g/cm (B-spodumene).Afterroasting, [0043] Inconventionallithium producingproceses,the becauseitcanbeconvertedintospecificindustrialsaltsand chemicals,orprocesedintolithiummetal. [0044 Accordingtocertainnon-limitingembodiments, certainnon-limitingembodiments,theselithium-containingPDF Image | Patent PRODUCING LITHIUM DIRECTLY FROM LITHIUM FEED SOURCES
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Product and Development Focus for Infinity Turbine
ORC Waste Heat Turbine and ORC System Build Plans: All turbine plans are $10,000 each. This allows you to build a system and then consider licensing for production after you have completed and tested a unit.Redox Flow Battery Technology: With the advent of the new USA tax credits for producing and selling batteries ($35/kW) we are focussing on a simple flow battery using shipping containers as the modular electrolyte storage units with tax credits up to $140,000 per system. Our main focus is on the salt battery. This battery can be used for both thermal and electrical storage applications. We call it the Cogeneration Battery or Cogen Battery. One project is converting salt (brine) based water conditioners to simultaneously produce power. In addition, there are many opportunities to extract Lithium from brine (salt lakes, groundwater, and producer water).Salt water or brine are huge sources for lithium. Most of the worlds lithium is acquired from a brine source. It's even in seawater in a low concentration. Brine is also a byproduct of huge powerplants, which can now use that as an electrolyte and a huge flow battery (which allows storage at the source).We welcome any business and equipment inquiries, as well as licensing our turbines for manufacturing.CONTACT TEL: 608-238-6001 Email: greg@infinityturbine.com (Standard Web Page)