PDF Publication Title:
Text from PDF Page: 007
US 8,753,594B1 56 sizecanbegreater,forexample,between200and500um,or greater,andtheresultinglargerparticlescanthenbereduced insizebygrindingorbyotherprocedure.Theuseofparticles resultingfromthegrindingoflargerparticles,however,canin certaininstancesresultinmaterialshavingareducedcapacity andameasurablegibsitecontent. 20%byvolumeoftheplasticmaterial.Inalternateembodi ments,thematrixincludesatleastabout85%byvolumeof theLAIanduptoabout15%byvolumeoftheplasticmate rial.Alternatively,thematrixcanincludeatleastabout90% byvolumeoftheLAIanduptoabout10%byvolumeofthe plasticmaterial.Incertainembodiments,thematrixincludes betweenabout85-95%byvolumeoftheLAI,andbetween Thepolymerorplasticbindermaterialthatmakesupthe about5-15%byvolumeoftheplasticmaterial.Inalternate embodiments,thematrixincludesbetweenabout88-94%by volumeoftheLAI,andbetweenabout6-12%byvolumeof10 theplasticmaterial.Inanexemplaryembodiment,theLAI matrixincludesabout90%byvolumeLAIandabout10%by Volumeofthepolymerorplasticmaterial. matrixcanbeselectedfromanysuitablethermoplasticor thermosetpolymermaterial.Representativethermoplastic resinscanincludepolyethylene(PE)(includingultrahigh molecularweightpolyethylene(UHMWE),highdensity polyethylene(HDPE),andlinearlowdensitypolyethylene (LLDPE)),aswellasvariousethyleneco-polymerssuchas ethylenevinylacetate,ethylenevinylalcohol,ethylenevinyl chloride,ethyleneco-acrylate,orsimilarmaterials,polypro pylene(PP)anditscopolymers,polymethylpentene, polystryene,polyvinylalcohol(PVA),polyacrylicacid (PAA),polyacrylamide(PAM),acrylicandmethacrylicpoly mers,polycarbonate,polyacrylonitrile(PAN),polyvinylidin edifluoride(PVDF)homoorco-polymers,polytetrafluoroet hylene(PTFE),andrelatedfluoropolymers,polyurethanes, andpolysiloxanes.Representativethermosetresinscan includeepoxyresins,phenolicresins,vinylesterresins,one ortwocomponentmethacrylicresins,melaminebasedresins, cros-linkedpolysiloxanes,orotherplasticorpolymeric materialsthatcanfunctionasSuitablematrixmaterials.Inone embodiment,thelithiumaluminatematrixispreparedfroma polymerthatfacilitatesgranulation.Inanotherembodiment, thematrixpolymerprecursoriswaterbased,suchasawater solubleresin,anaqueousdispersion,oranemulsion.Incer tainembodiments,theplasticandpolymericmaterialsare suitableforoperationattemperaturesinexcessofabout90° C.Alternatively,thematerialsaresuitableforoperationat temperaturesinexcessofabout100°C.Inyetotherembodi ments,thematerialsareSuitableforoperationattemperatures inexcessofabout110°C.Thepolymerorplasticmaterialcan beaddedtotheLAImaterialasasolidpowderorpeletform andmixedtogether,oritcanbeaddedasaloworhigh viscosityfluid.Preferably,theLAIandthepolymerorplastic materialarethoroughlymixedtogether. TheLAIcanbepreparedbyknownmeans.Suchasis describedinU.S.Pat.No.6,280,693toBauman,etal.Gen 15 eraly,incertainembodiments,theLAIcanbepreparedby contactingaluminapelets,lithiumhydroxide,andwater,and allowingthelithiumhydroxidetoinfusethealumina.Incer tainembodiments,thelithiumhydroxidecanbereplacedwith lithiumsalts,suchaslithiumchlorideorotherlikelithium salts,andcombinationsthereof.Suitablesourcesofthealu minacanincludegibsite,aluminahydrate,bayerite,nord standite,bauxite,amorphousaluminumtrihydroxideand activatedalumina.Theinfusioncanbeaslowprocessthatis typicalycompletedinabout2-48hours,althoughitisunder25 stoodthattheprocesscanproceedatdiferentrates,depend ingupontheexactconditions,suchastemperature,usedfor theinfusionproces.Infusionistypicalycariedatornear roomtemperature,butcanalsobecariedoutatelevated temperaturesuptoabout125°C.(atpressuresoflesthan30 about5atm).Followinginfusionofthelithiumhydroxide intothealumina,thesolutioncanthenbeneutralizedby addinghydrochloricacidorotherlikeacid,toachieveapHof betweenabout5and7.WhentheacidusedisHCl,the acidificationofthesolutionproducesLiC1/2Al(OH).Itisthe35 intentiontofracturetheinfusedmaterial,therebygenerating afineparticulatemater,ratherthananintegralmass.In certainembodiments,thefineparticulatematterhasadiam eteroflesthanabout80um,alternativelylesthanabout50 um,alternativelylesthanabout25um,alternativelylesthan40 about10Lum.Incertainembodiments,thematerialhasa Incertainembodiments,thepolymerisanemulsifiedwater bimodalsizedistributionwhereinthematerialhasafirstpeak distributionofabout50umandasecondpeakdistributionof about10um.Incertainembodiments,theparticulatematerial hasadiameterofbetweenabout0.1and8um,alternatively45 betweenabout0.5and5um.Incertainembodiments,atleast 50%oftheparticulatematterhasadiameteroflessthanabout Incertainembodiments,thepolymer/plasticmaterialand 2um,alternativelyatleastabout75%oftheparticulatematter hasadiameteroflesthanabout2um,alternativelyatleast about90%oftheparticulatematterhasadiameteroflessthan50 about2um.Incertainembodiments,thelithiumhydroxideis addedtothealuminainamolarratioofbetweenabout1:1and 1:5,preferablybetweenabout1:2and1:4.ThefinalizedLAI matrixpreferablyhasastoichiometriccompositionofLiCl: Al(OH)ofbetweenabout1:2and1:4,preferablybetween55 about0.75:2and1:2.Incertainembodiments,theLAIcanbe usedasprepared.Inalternateembodiments,theLAIcanbe usedasamilledmaterialusingknowntechniquestomilthe LAI.Inyetotherembodiments,theLAIcanalsobeprepared bytreatingamilledaluminahydrateandwithlithiumhydrox60 ide,followedbyneutralizationwithacid.Generaly,incon trasttosimilarpriorartcompositionswhichutilizeintegral polycrystalinecompositions,thepresentinventionprefer Inoneexemplaryembodiment,anLAImatrixisprepared ablyutilizesparticulateLAImaterial,whereintheparticulate mattercangeneralyhaveanyshapeorsize,andmayhavea65 diameteroflesthanabout100um,alternativelyadiameter oflesthanabout50lum.Incertainembodiments,theparticle fromamixturethatincludestheLAIpowderandapowdered polymer,whichcanbecombinedinamixingveseland thoroughlymixed.TheresultingLAIpowderandpowdered polymermixturecanthenbesubjectedtoelevatedtempera insolublepolymer.Incertainembodiments,thewater insolublepolymerisafluoropolymer.Incertainembodi ments,thewaterinsolublepolymerisanacrylicinterpolymer. Incertainembodiments,thepolymercanbeacrosslinked polymer. theLAImaterialcanbemixedtogetherandsinteredat elevatedtemperaturetoformtheLAImatrix.Incertain embodiments,pressurecanbeappliedtothemixturebefore, during,orafterthesinteringproces.Incertainembodiments, upto10,000psicanbeappliedtothemixture,withorwithout concurrentheatingthereof.Incertainembodiments,pressure ofatleast2500psiisaplied.Inalternateembodiments, increasinglygreaterpressuresareappliedtothemixture.The resultingsinteredproductistypicalyasolid,whichcanthen bebrokenintosmallerpieces,preferablytoformapluralityof particulates,foruse.Optionaly,theSolidsinteredproducts canbegroundtoadesiredparticulatediameterorsize.In certainembodiments,thegroundLAImatrixcanbesepa rated,usingforexamplesieves,toprovidemultiplesizesor rangesofdiametersoftheLAImatrixparticles.PDF Image | Patent SORBENT FOR LITHIUM EXTRACTION
PDF Search Title:
Patent SORBENT FOR LITHIUM EXTRACTIONOriginal File Name Searched:
US8753594.pdfDIY PDF Search: Google It | Yahoo | Bing
Product and Development Focus for Infinity Turbine
ORC Waste Heat Turbine and ORC System Build Plans: All turbine plans are $10,000 each. This allows you to build a system and then consider licensing for production after you have completed and tested a unit.Redox Flow Battery Technology: With the advent of the new USA tax credits for producing and selling batteries ($35/kW) we are focussing on a simple flow battery using shipping containers as the modular electrolyte storage units with tax credits up to $140,000 per system. Our main focus is on the salt battery. This battery can be used for both thermal and electrical storage applications. We call it the Cogeneration Battery or Cogen Battery. One project is converting salt (brine) based water conditioners to simultaneously produce power. In addition, there are many opportunities to extract Lithium from brine (salt lakes, groundwater, and producer water).Salt water or brine are huge sources for lithium. Most of the worlds lithium is acquired from a brine source. It's even in seawater in a low concentration. Brine is also a byproduct of huge powerplants, which can now use that as an electrolyte and a huge flow battery (which allows storage at the source).We welcome any business and equipment inquiries, as well as licensing our turbines for manufacturing.CONTACT TEL: 608-238-6001 Email: greg@infinityturbine.com (Standard Web Page)