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13 lateshavingadiameteroflessthanabout100um,whichwere thenreagglomeratedwiththepolyvinylalcoholandglutaral dehydesolution,asprovidedabove.Theaditionalsteps notedabovewererepeatedfortherecoatedLAIparticles. Example4 14 testedforlithiumelutionat85°C.Thesampleshowedanet lithiumextractionofapproximately2.5mgpergramofmedia overtwoporevolumesofelutionatabout0.3mL/min. Example8 Microporousshetsthatincludeapproximately10%by weightUHMWPEandapproximately90%byweightlithium aluminateintercalate(LAI)werepreparedasfolows. Approximately4.7gofUHMWPE(GUR403)powderwas combinedwithapproximately17.9gofmineraloil(Hydro brite1000PO)andheatedatatemperatureofabout135°C. forapproximately16hours.Themixturewasthenheatedfor anaditional15minutesatatemperatureofapproximately 140°C.Theoil-polymermixturewasremoved,cutintosmall pieces,andplacedinaBrabendermixeratatemperatureof about200°C.,andmixedataspeedofabout25rpmforabout 2minutes.Tothemasticatedoil-polymermixturewasadded approximately44goftheLAI(preparedaccordingtothe procedure described in Example 1), 0.04 g ethylene bis stearamide,0.04gDoverphosS-9228(aphosphiteantioxi dant),and0.02gIrganox1010(aphenolicanti-oxidant).The mixturewasmixedatabout45rpmandatemperatureof about200°C.,forapproximately3minutes.Theresulting mixturewascolected,pressedintoaframehavingathick nessofapproximately0.01inches,heatedatatemperatureof about204°C.forapproximately1minuteundercontact pressurefromthetopplate,pressedatatemperatureof204° C.andapressureofabout5000psiforapproximately1 minute,andisthenpressedatatemperatureofabout60°C. andpressureofabout3000psiforapproximately2minutes. Theresultingpressedshetwasclampedatoppositeedges andslowlystretchedwhilebeingheatedwithahotairgun untilthelengthoftheoriginalshetwasstretchedbyapproxi mately50%.ThestretchedLAI-polymermatrixwas immersed in ethyl acetate for approximately 16 hours to extractthemineraloil,rinsedwithethanol,airdriedfor approximately5minutes,anddriedinanovenatapproxi mately70°C.forabout30minutes. Example9 Forcomparisonpurposes,aresinbasedlithiumSorbent waspreparedaccordingtothemethodsdisclosedinU.S.Pat. Nos.4,159,311;4,348.296and4,430,311.Aweakbaseanion exchangeresin(DowexMarathonWBA)infrebaseform wascontactedwithasaturatedsolutionofAlClsatapHof about0andreactedatatemperatureofbetweenabout50and 60° C. The reaction mixture was then titrated with concen tratedNH-OHtoraisethepHtoapproximately7andpre cipitateAl(OH) inandontotheresinbeads.ExcessAl(OH) andNHCl wereremovedbywashingwithwater.Theresin washeatedatatemperatureofbetweenabout75and80°C.to converttheamorphousAl(OH)intogibsite,whichserved asaseedforSubsequentprecipitation.Thegibbsite-seeded resinwasreactedwithsodiumaluminatesolutionatapHof about13andtitratedwitha37%solutionofHCltolowerthe pHtoapproximately7andprecipitateAl(OH)onthegibb site seed. The mixture was washed with water to remove excessNaClandAl(OH),andthenheatedtoatemperatureof betweenabout75and80°C.Thegibsite-loadedresinwas reactedwithLiOHatapHofabout12andatemperatureof betweenabout55and60°C.toforma3-layerpolytype lithiumaluminate(LiAl(OH)OH)withintheresin.The resultinglithiatedresinwasthentitratedwitha20%solution ofHCltoapHofabout7toconvertthehydroxideformofthe lithiumaluminatetothechlorideform.Excesslithiumalu The LAI/PVDF material from Example 2, sieved to approximately180-300um,waswashedwithanapproxi mately26%solutionofsodiumchloridehavingalithium10 concentrationofapproximately200ppm,loadedintoastan dardlaboratoryionexchangecolumn(co-curentupflow, glaswoolpackedbed,havingabedVolumeofapproxi mately9.4mL).Thecolumnwasthensubjectedto150load andunloadcycles. Theoperatingcapacityofthemediawasdeterminedtobe approximately2.9g/L,andthepressuredropwasmeasuredto be10psi/moflinearlength. Example5 TheLAI-PVAmaterialfromExample3,sievedtoapproxi mately180-300um,waswashedwithanapproximately26% Solutionofsodiumchloridehavingalithiumconcentrationof approximately200ppm,loadedintoastandardlaboratoryion25 exchangecolumn(co-curentupflow,glaswoolpackedbed, havingabedVolumeofapproximately9.4mL).Thecolumn wasthensubjectedto129loadandunloadcycles. Operationoftheloadingandunloadingwasasdescribed forExample4. Theoperatingcapacityofthemediawasdeterminedtobe approximately3.5mg/L,andthepresuredropwasmeasured tobebetweenabout100and160psi/moflinearlength. Example6 30 35 ASolutionwaspreparedbycombiningapproximately7.3 gofJohncryl540(BASF),5mLofdeionizedwaterand1.5g. ofCymel327(Cytec).Tothiswasaddedportionwisewith mixingabout31goflithiumaluminatehavingaparticlesize40 oflessthanabout180microns.Additionalwaterwasaddedas requiredtomaintainthematerialinplasticstate.Theresulting pastewasextrudedthrougha425micronscreenandthedried atabout60°C.followedbycuringatapproximately120°C. forapproximately4hours.Thecuredextrudatewassievedto45 between about 425 and 800 microns. Extraction ofthe mate rialindistiledwatermaintainedatabout95°C.yielded approximately22mgoflithiumpergramofmaterialwhich wasstabletowardlithiumcycling. 50 Example7 Approximately40goflithiumaluminate,havingaparticle sizelesthanabout180microns,wasaddedtoabeakerand stifedwithmixingbladeatabout1000RPM(tipspeed55 approximately2m/sec).Tothehighshearmixwasadded about9.6gramsofPVDF/acrylicemulsion(KynarAquatec RC-10,206fromArkemaCorporation),dropwisefroma10 mL Syringefitedwithan18gagetip.Themixturewas blendedatabout1000RPMwiththeaditionofapproxi60 mately1-2mLdistiledwaterhavingabout200ppmlithium ionuntilgranulesformed(about10-20minutes).Theresult ingmaterialwasdriedovernightatabout85°C.andsieved. Approximately7.5gofamiddleparticlesizedistributionof agglomerates(havingaparticlediameterrangingfromabout65 180microntoabout850micron)waspackedintoa10mm internaldiameterjacketedchromatographycolumnand US 8,753,594B1 15PDF Image | Patent SORBENT FOR LITHIUM EXTRACTION
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Product and Development Focus for Infinity Turbine
ORC Waste Heat Turbine and ORC System Build Plans: All turbine plans are $10,000 each. This allows you to build a system and then consider licensing for production after you have completed and tested a unit.Redox Flow Battery Technology: With the advent of the new USA tax credits for producing and selling batteries ($35/kW) we are focussing on a simple flow battery using shipping containers as the modular electrolyte storage units with tax credits up to $140,000 per system. Our main focus is on the salt battery. This battery can be used for both thermal and electrical storage applications. We call it the Cogeneration Battery or Cogen Battery. One project is converting salt (brine) based water conditioners to simultaneously produce power. In addition, there are many opportunities to extract Lithium from brine (salt lakes, groundwater, and producer water).Salt water or brine are huge sources for lithium. Most of the worlds lithium is acquired from a brine source. It's even in seawater in a low concentration. Brine is also a byproduct of huge powerplants, which can now use that as an electrolyte and a huge flow battery (which allows storage at the source).We welcome any business and equipment inquiries, as well as licensing our turbines for manufacturing.| CONTACT TEL: 608-238-6001 Email: greg@infinityturbine.com | RSS | AMP |