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Recovery of Lithium from Geothermal Brines

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Recovery of Lithium from Geothermal Brines ( recovery-lithium-from-geothermal-brines )

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Energies 2021, 14, 6805 5 of 72 Energies 2021, 14, x FOR PEER REVIEW 5 of 74 Figure 4. World map of lithium brine deposits [9]. Currently, lithium is produced from brines mostly in South America Figure 4. World map of lithium brine deposits [9]. Currently, lithium is produced from brines mostly in South America and Asia. Reproduced with permission of the Society of Economic Geologists, Inc. Munk et al. (2016) Chapter 14: Lithium and Asia. Reproduced with permission of the Society of Economic Geologists, Inc. Munk et al. (2016) Chapter 14: Lithium brines: A global perspective, Reviews in Economic Geology, v. 18, 339–365. brines: A global perspective, Reviews in Economic Geology, v. 18, 339–365. Table 1. Lithium and magnesium concentrations in prominent salar and salt lake brines [17]. Separa- Table 1. Lithium and magnesium concentrations in prominent salar and salt lake brines [17]. tSioenpaorfaltitiohniumofalinthdimumagannesdiumagarneeismiupmoratarnetifmorproerctoavnetrfyorofrbecaottveerryy-gorafdbeatlittehriyu-mgr.aTdaebleithreipurmod.uTcaebdle reproduced from [17]; some calculated ratios have been corrected. from [17]; some calculated ratios have been corrected. Deposit Name Country Li+ (wt.%) Mg2+ (wt.%) 0.157 0.965 Mg2+ /Li+ Ratio 6.15 Deposit Name Country Li (wt.%) Mg (wt.%) Mg /Li Ratio Salar de Atacama Chile + 2+ 2++ Salar de Atacama Chile 0.157 0.965 6.15 Maricunga Chile 0.092 0.74 8.04 Maricunga Chile 0.092 0.74 8.04 Uyuni Bolivia 0.0321 0.65 20.2 Uyuni Bolivia 0.0321 0.65 20.2 Cauchari Argentina 0.062 0.18 2.90 Cauchari Argentina 0.062 0.18 2.90 Olaroz Argentina 0.09 0.18 2.00 Olaroz HoombbrereMuueerrtoto RRininccoonn Argentina AArgregnetnintiana AArgregnetnintiana 0.09 0.18 0..062 0.089 0..034 0.04 2.00 11.4.44 11.1.188 Silver Peak USA 0.03 0.04 1.33 Silver Peak USA 0.03 0.04 1.33 Great Salt Lake USA 0.006 0.8 133 Great Salt Lake USA 0.006 0.8 133 Bonneville USA 0.0057 0.4 70.2 Bonneville USA 0.0057 0.4 70.2 Salton Sea USA 0.022 0.028 1.27 Salton Sea USA 0.022 0.028 1.27 Searles Lake USA 0.0083 0.034 4.10 Searles Lake USA 0.0083 0.034 4.10 Smackover USA 0.038 0.75 19.7 Smackover USA 0.038 0.75 19.7 Clayton Valley USA 0.0163 0.019 1.17 Clayton Valley USA 0.0163 0.019 1.17 East Taijinar China 0.085 2.99 35.2 East Taijinar China 0.085 2.99 35.2 West Taijinar WYeilsipt Tinagijinar China 0.021 1.28 0..0221 12..208 64 Zabuye China 0.97 0.001 0.001 Yiliping China 0.022 2.0 91 Da Qaidam China 0.02 1.3 65 Zabuye China 0.97 0.001 0.001 Dead Sea Israel 0.002 3.4 1700 Da Qaidam China 0.02 1.3 65 Fox Greek Canada 0.01 0.1 10 Dead Sea Israel 0.002 3.4 1700 Sua Pan India 0.002 - - Fox Greek Canada 0.01 0.1 10 Chott Djerid Tunisia 0.00024 0.0143 59.6 Sua Pan India 0.002 - - CChihniana 9614 Reprinted by permission from Springer Nature, Journal of Materials Science, Materials for lithium recovery from Chott Djerid Tunisia 0.00024 0.0143 59.6 salt lake brine, Ping Xu et al., Copyright 2020. Reprinted by permission from Springer Nature, Journal of Materials Science, Materials for lithium recovery from salt lake brine, Ping Xu et al., Copyright 2020.

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Product and Development Focus for Infinity Turbine

ORC Waste Heat Turbine and ORC System Build Plans: All turbine plans are $10,000 each. This allows you to build a system and then consider licensing for production after you have completed and tested a unit.

Redox Flow Battery Technology: With the advent of the new USA tax credits for producing and selling batteries ($35/kW) we are focussing on a simple flow battery using shipping containers as the modular electrolyte storage units with tax credits up to $140,000 per system.

Our main focus is on the salt battery. This battery can be used for both thermal and electrical storage applications.

We call it the Cogeneration Battery or Cogen Battery.

One project is converting salt (brine) based water conditioners to simultaneously produce power.

In addition, there are many opportunities to extract Lithium from brine (salt lakes, groundwater, and producer water).

Salt water or brine are huge sources for lithium. Most of the worlds lithium is acquired from a brine source. It's even in seawater in a low concentration. Brine is also a byproduct of huge powerplants, which can now use that as an electrolyte and a huge flow battery (which allows storage at the source).

We welcome any business and equipment inquiries, as well as licensing our turbines for manufacturing.

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